the life of william carey-第10节
按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页，按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页，按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部！
————未阅读完？加入书签已便下次继续阅读！
t and statute of Queen Anne； had put down the evangelical teaching of Boston and the 〃marrow〃 men； and had cast out the fathers of the Secession in 1733。 In 1742 the quickening spread over the west country。 In October 1744 several ministers in Scotland united； for the two years next following； in what they called； and what has since become familiar in America as； a 〃Concert to promote more abundant application to a duty that is perpetually bindingprayer that our God's kingdom may come； joined with praises；〃 to be offered weekly on Saturday evening and Sunday morning； and more solemnly on the first Tuesday of every quarter。 Such was the result； and so did the prayer concert spread in the United Kingdom that in August 1746 a memorial was sent to Boston inviting all Christians in North America to enter into it for the next seven years。 It was on this that Jonathan Edwards wrote his Humble Attempt to promote Explicit Agreement and Visible Union of God's People in Extraordinary Prayer for the Revival of Religion and the Advancement of Christ's Kingdom on Earth。
This work of Edwards； republished at Olney； came into the hands of Carey； and powerfully influenced the Northamptonshire Association of Baptist ministers and messengers。 At their meeting in Nottingham in 1784 Sutcliff of Olney suggested and Ryland of Northampton drafted an invitation to the people to join them； for one hour on the first Monday of every month； in prayer for the effusion of the Holy Spirit of God。 〃Let the whole interest of the Redeemer be affectionately remembered；〃 wrote these catholic men； and to give emphasis to their 渃umenical missionary desires they added in italics〃Let the spread of the Gospel to the most distant parts of the habitable globe be the object of your most fervent requests。 We shall rejoice if any other Christian societies of our own or other denominations will join with us； and we do now invite them most cordially to join heart and hand in the attempt。〃 To this Carey prominently referred in his Enquiry； tracing to even the unimportunate and feeble prayers of these eight years the increase of the churches； the clearing of controversies； the opening of lands to missions； the spread of civil and religious liberty； the noble effort made to abolish the inhuman slave…trade； and the establishment of the free settlement of Sierra Leone。 And then he hits the other blots in the movement； besides the want of importunity and earnestness〃We must not be contented with praying without exerting ourselves in the use of means。。。Were the children of light but as wise in their generation as the children of this world； they would stretch every nerve to gain so glorious a prize； nor ever imagine that it was to be obtained in any other way。〃 A trading company obtain a charter and go to its utmost limits。 The charter； the encouragements of Christians are exceeding great； and the returns promised infinitely superior。 〃Suppose a company of serious Christians； ministers and private persons； were to form themselves into a society。〃
The man was ready who had been specially fitted； by character and training； to form the home organisation of the society； while Carey created its foreign mission。 For the next quarter of a century William Carey and Andrew Fuller worked lovingly； fruitfully together； with the breadth of half the world between them。 The one showed how； by Bible and church and school； by physical and spiritual truth； India and all Asia could be brought to Christ； the other taught England； Scotland； and America to begin at last to play their part in an enterprise as old as Abraham； as divine in its warrant； its charge； its promise； as Christ Himself。 Seven years older than Carey； his friend was born a farmer's son and labourer in the fen country of Cromwell whom he resembled； was self…educated under conditions precisely similar； and passed through spiritual experiences almost exactly the same。 The two； unknown to each other； found themselves when called to preach at eighteen unable to reconcile the grim dead theology of their church with the new life and liberty which had come to them direct from the Spirit of Christ and from His Word。 Carey had left his ancestral church at a time when the biographer of Romaine could declare with truth that that preacher was the only evangelical in the established churches of all London； and that of twenty thousand clergymen in England； the number who preached the truth as it is in Jesus had risen from not twenty in 1749 to three hundred in 1789。 The methodism of the Wesleys was beginning to tell； but the Baptists were as lifeless as the Established Church。 In both the Church and Dissent there were individuals only； like Newton and Scott； the elder Robert Hall and Ryland； whose spiritual fervour made them marked men。
The Baptists； who had stood alone as the advocates of toleration； religious and civil； in an age of intolerance which made them the victims； had subsided like Puritan and Covenanter when the Revolution of 1688 brought persecution to an end。 The section who held the doctrine of 〃general〃 redemption； and are now honourably known as General Baptists； preached ordinary Arminianism； and even Socinianism。 The more earnest and educated among them clung to Calvinism； but； by adopting the unhappy term of 〃particular〃 Baptists； gradually fell under a fatalistic and antinomian spell。 This false Calvinism； which the French theologian of Geneva would have been the first to denounce； proved all the more hostile to the preaching of the Gospel of salvation to the heathen abroad； as well as the sinner at home； that it professed to be an orthodox evangel while either emasculating the Gospel or turning the grace of God into licentiousness。 From such 〃particular〃 preachers as young Fuller and Carey listened to； at first with bewilderment； then impatience； and then denunciation； missions of no kind could come。 Fuller exposed and pursued the delusion with a native shrewdness； a masculine sagacity； and a fine English style； which have won for him the apt name of the Franklin of Theology。 For more than twenty years Fullerism； as it was called； raised a controversy like that of the Marrow of Divinity in Scotland； and cleared the ground sufficiently at least to allow of the foundation of foreign missions in both countries。 It now seems incredible that the only class who a century ago represented evangelicalism should have opposed missions to the heathen on the ground that the Gospel is meant only for the elect； whether at home or abroad； that nothing spiritually good is the duty of the unregenerate； therefore 〃nothing must be addressed to them in a way of exhortation excepting what relates to external obedience。〃
The same year； 1784； in which the Baptist concert for prayer was begun； saw the publication of Fuller's Gospel Worthy of all Acceptation。 Seven years later he preached at Clipstone a famous sermon； in which he applied the dealing of the Lord of Hosts （in Haggai） to the Jewish apathy〃The time is not come that the Lord's house should be built〃with a power and directness which nevertheless failed practically to convince himself。 The men who listened to him had been praying for seven years； yet had opposed Carey's pleas for a foreign mission； had treated him as a visionary or a madman。 When Fuller had published his treatise； Carey had drawn the practical deduction〃If it be the duty of all men； when the Gospel comes； to believe unto salvation； then it is the duty of those who are entrusted with the Gospel to endeavour to make it known among all nations for the obedience of faith。〃 Now； after seven more years of waiting； and remembering the manuscript Enquiry； Carey thought action cannot be longer delayed。 Hardly was the usual discussion that followed the meeting over when； as the story is told by the son of Ryland who had silenced him in a former ministers' meeting； Carey appealed to his brethren to put their preaching into practice and begin a missionary society that very day。 Fuller's sermon bore the title of The Evil Nature and the Dangerous Tendency of Delay in the Concerns of Religion； and it had been preceded by one on being very jealous for the Lord God of Hosts； in which Sutcliff cried for the divine passion； the celestial fire that burned in the bosom and blazed in the life of Elijah。 The Elijah of their own church and day was among them； burning and blazing for years； and all that he could induce them to promise was vaguely that； 〃something should be done；〃 and to throw to his importunity the easy request that he would publish his manuscript and preach next year's sermon。
Meanwhile； in 1789； Carey had left Moulton6 for Leicester； whither he was summoned to build up a congregation； ruined by antinomianism； in the mean brick chapel of the obscure quarter of Harvey Lane。 This chapel his genius and Robert Hall's eloquence made so famous in time that the Baptists sent off a vigorous hive to the fine new church。 In an equally humble house opposite the chapel the poverty of the pastor compelled him to keep a school from nine in the morning till four in winter and five in summer。 Between this and the hours for sleep and food he had little leisure； but that he spent； as he had done all his life before a
