the complete writings-3-第37节

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shes；　we　feasted　daily。〃

Thence　they　made　sail…in　search　of　Virginia；　but　the　mariners　lost　their　reckoning　for　three　days　and　made　no　land；　the　crews　were　discomfited；　and　Captain　Ratcliffe；　of　the　pinnace；　wanted　to　up　helm　and　return　to　England。　　But　a　violent　storm；　which　obliged　them　〃to　hull　all　night；〃　drove　them　to　the　port　desired。　　On　the　26th　of　April　they　saw　a　bit　of　land　none　of　them　had　ever　seen　before。　This；　the　first　land　they　descried；　they　named　Cape　Henry；　in　honor　of　the　Prince　of　Wales；　as　the　opposite　cape　was　called　Cape　Charles；　for　the　Duke　of　York；　afterwards　Charles　I。　　Within　these　capes　they　found　one　of　the　most　pleasant　places　in　the　world；　majestic　navigable　rivers；　beautiful　mountains；　hills；　and　plains；　and　a　fruitful　and　delightsome　land。

Mr。　George　Percy　was　ravished　at　the　sight　of　the　fair　meadows　and　goodly　tall　trees。　　As　much　to　his　taste　were　the　large　and　delicate　oysters；　which　the　natives　roasted；　and　in　which　were　found　many　pearls。　　The　ground　was　covered　with　fine　and　beautiful　strawberries；　four　times　bigger　than　those　in　England。

Masters　Wingfield；　Newport；　and　Gosnold。；　with　thirty　men；　went　ashore　on　Cape　Henry；　where　they　were　suddenly　set　upon　by　savages；　who　came　creeping　upon　all…fours　over　the　hills；　like　bears；　with　their　bows　in　their　hands；　Captain　Archer　was　hurt　in　both　hands；　and　a　sailor　dangerously　wounded　in　two　places　on　his　body。　　It　was　a　bad　omen。

The　night　of　their　arrival　they　anchored　at　Point　Comfort；　now　Fortress　Monroe；　the　box　was　opened　and　the　orders　read；　which　constituted　Edward　Maria　Wingfield；　Bartholomew　Gosnold；　John　Smith；　Christopher　Newport；　John　Ratcliffe；　John　Martin；　and　George　Kendall　the　Council；　with　power　to　choose　a　President　for　a　year。　　Until　the　13th　of　May　they　were　slowly　exploring　the　River　Powhatan；　now　the　James；　seeking　a　place　for　the　settlement。　　They　selected　a　peninsula　on　the　north　side　of　the　river；　forty　miles　from　its　mouth；　where　there　was　good　anchorage；　and　which　could　be　readily　fortified。　　This　settlement　was　Jamestown。　　The　Council　was　then　sworn　in；　and　Mr。　Wingfield　selected　President。　　Smith　being　under　arrest　was　not　sworn　in　of　the　Council；　and　an　oration　was　made　setting　forth　the　reason　for　his　exclusion。

When　they　had　pitched　upon　a　site　for　the　fort；　every　man　set　to　work；　some　to　build　the　fort；　others　to　pitch　the　tents；　fell　trees　and　make　clapboards　to　reload　the　ships；　others　to　make　gardens　and　nets。　　The　fort　was　in　the　form　of　a　triangle　with　a　half…moon　at　each　comer；　intended　to　mount　four　or　five　guns。

President　Wingfield　appears　to　have　taken　soldierly　precautions；　but　Smith　was　not　at　all　pleased　with　him　from　the　first。　　He　says　〃the　President's　overweening　jealousy　would　admit　of　no　exercise　at　arms；　or　fortifications　but　the　boughs　of　trees　cast　together　in　the　form　of　a　half…moon　by　the　extraordinary　pains　and　diligence　of　Captain　Kendall。〃　　He　also　says　there　was　contention　between　Captain　Wingfield　and　Captain　Gosnold　about　the　site　of　the　city。

The　landing　was　made　at　Jamestown　on　the　14th　of　May；　according　to　Percy。　　Previous　to　that　considerable　explorations　were　made。　　On　the　18th　of　April　they　launched　a　shallop；　which　they　built　the　day　before；　and　〃discovered　up　the　bay。〃　　They　discovered　a　river　on　the　south　side　running　into　the　mainland；　on　the　banks　of　which　were　good　stores　of　mussels　and　oysters；　goodly　trees；　flowers　of　all　colors；　and　strawberries。　　Returning　to　their　ships　and　finding　the　water　shallow；　they　rowed　over　to　a　point　of　land；　where　they　found　from　six　to　twelve　fathoms　of　water；　which　put　them　in　good　comfort；　therefore　they　named　that　part　of　the　land　Cape　Comfort。　　On　the　29th　they　set　up　a　cross　on　Chesapeake　Bay；　on　Cape　Henry；　and　the　next　day　coasted　to　the　Indian　town　of　Kecoughton；　now　Hampton；　where　they　were　kindly　entertained。　　When　they　first　came　to　land　the　savages　made　a　doleful　noise；　laying　their　paws　to　the　ground　and　scratching　the　earth　with　their　nails。　　This　ceremony；　which　was　taken　to　be　a　kind　of　idolatry；　ended；　mats　were　brought　from　the　houses；　whereon　the　guests　were　seated；　and　given　to　eat　bread　made　of　maize；　and　tobacco　to　smoke。　　The　savages　also　entertained　them　with　dancing　and　singing　and　antic　tricks　and　grimaces。　　They　were　naked　except　a　covering　of　skins　about　the　loins；　and　many　were　painted　in　black　and　red；　with　artificial　knots　of　lovely　colors；　beautiful　and　pleasing　to　the　eye。　　The　4th　of　May　they　were　entertained　by　the　chief　of　Paspika；　who　favored　them　with　a　long　oration；　making　a　foul　noise　and　vehement　in　action；　the　purport　of　which　they　did　not　catch。　　The　savages　were　full　of　hospitality。　　The　next　day　the　weroance；　or　chief；　of　Rapahanna　sent　a　messenger　to　invite　them　to　his　seat。　　His　majesty　received　them　in　as　modest　a　proud　fashion　as　if　he　had　been　a　prince　of　a　civil　government。　　His　body　was　painted　in　crimson　and　his　face　in　blue；　and　he　wore　a　chain　of　beads　about　his　neck　and　in　his　ears　bracelets　of　pearls　and　a　bird's　claw。　　The　8th　of　May　they　went　up　the　river　to　the　country　Apomatica；　where　the　natives　received　them　in　hostile　array；　the　chief；　with　bow　and　arrows　in　one　hand；　and　a　pipe　of　tobacco　in　the　other；　offering　them　war　or　peace。

These　savages　were　as　stout　and　able　as　any　heathen　or　Christians　in　the　world。　　Mr。　Percy　said　they　bore　their　years　well。　　He　saw　among　the　Pamunkeys　a　savage　reported　to　be　160；　years　old；　whose　eyes　were　sunk　in　his　head；　his　teeth　gone　his　hair　all　gray；　and　quite　a　big　beard；　white　as　snow；　he　was　a　lusty　savage；　and　could　travel　as　fast　as　anybody。

The　Indians　soon　began　to　be　troublesome　in　their　visits　to　the　plantations；　skulking　about　all　night；　hanging　around　the　fort　by　day；　bringing　sometimes　presents　of　deer；　but　given　to　theft　of　small　articles；　and　showing　jealousy　of　the　occupation。　　They　murmured；　says　Percy；　at　our　planting　in　their　country。　　But　worse　than　the　disposition　of　the　savages　was　the　petty　quarreling　in　the　colony　itself。

In　obedience　to　the　orders　to　explore　for　the　South　Sea；　on　the　22d　of　May；　Newport；　Percy；　Smith；　Archer；　and　twenty　others　were　sent　in　the　shallop　to　explore　the　Powhatan；　or　James　River。

Passing　by　divers　small　habitations；　and　through　a　land　abounding　in　trees；　flowers；　and　small　fruits；　a　river　full　of　fish；　and　of　sturgeon　such　as　the　world　beside　has　none；　they　came　on　the　24th；　having　passed　the　town　of　Powhatan；　to　the　head　of　the　river；　the　Falls；　where　they　set　up　the　cross　and　proclaimed　King　James　of　England。

Smith　says　in　his　〃General　Historie〃　they　reached　Powhatan　on　the　26th。　　But　Captain　Newport's　〃Relatyon〃　agrees　with　Percy's；　and　with；　Smith's　〃True　Relation。〃　　Captain　Newport；　says　Percy；　permitted　no　one　to　visit　Powhatan　except　himself。

Captain　Newport's　narration　of　the　exploration　of　the　James　is　interesting；　being　the　first　account　we　have　of　this　historic　river。　At　the　junction　of　the　Appomattox　and　the　James；　at　a　place　he　calls　Wynauk；　the　natives　welcomed　them　with　rejoicing　and　entertained　them　with　dances。　　The　Kingdom　of　Wynauk　was　full　of　pearl…mussels。　　The　king　of　this　tribe　was　at　war　with　the　King　of　Paspahegh。　　Sixteen　miles　above　this　point；　at　an　inlet；　perhaps　Turkey　Point；　they　were　met　by　eight　savages　in　a　canoe；　one　of　whom　was　intelligent　enough　to　lay　out　the　whole　course　of　the　river；　from　Chesapeake　Bay　to　its　source；　with　a　pen　and　paper　which　they　showed　him　how　to　use。　　These　Indians　kept　them　company　for　some　time；　meeting　them　here　and　there　with　presents　of　strawberries；　mulberries；　bread；　and　fish；　for　which　they　received　pins；　needles；　and　beads。　　They　spent　one　night　at　Poore　Cottage　（the　Port　Cotage　of　Percy；　where　he　saw　the　white　boy）；　probably　now　Haxall。　　Five　miles　above　they　went　ashore　near　the　now　famous　Dutch　Gap；　where　King　Arahatic　gave　them　a　roasted　deer；　and　caused　his　women　to　bake　cakes　for　them。　　This　king　gave　Newport　his　crown；　which　was　of　deer's　hair　dyed　red。　　He　was　a　subject　of　the　great　King　Powhatan。　　While　they　sat　making　merry　with　the　savages；　feasting　and　taking　tobacco　and　seeing　the　dances；　Powhatan　himself　appeared　and　was　received　with　great　show　of　honor；　all　rising　from　their　seats　except　King　Arahatic；　and　shouting　loudly。　　To　Powhatan　ample　presents　were　made　of　penny…knives；　shears；　and　toys；　and　he　invited　them　to　visit　him　at　one　of　his　seats　called　Powhatan；　which　was　within　a　mile　of　the　Falls；　where　now　stands　the　city　of　Richmond。　　All　along　the　shore　the　inhabitants　stood　in　clusters；　offering　food　to　the　strangers。　　The　habitation　of　Powhatan　was　situated　on　a　high　hill　by　the　water　side；　with　a　meadow　at　its　foot　where　was　grown　wheat；　beans；　tobacco；　peas；　pompions；　flax；　and　hemp。

Powhatan　served　the　whites　with　the　best　he　had；　and　best　of　all　with　a　friendly　welcome　and　with　interesting　discourse　of　the　country。　They　made　a　league　of　friendship。　　The　next　day　he　gave　them　six　men　as　guides　to　the　falls　above；　and　they　left　with　him　one　man　as　a　hostage。

On　Sunday；　the　24th　of　May；　having　returned　to　Powhatan's　seat；　they　made　a　feast　for　him　of　pork；　cooked　with　peas；　and　the　Captain　and　King　ate　familiarly　together；　〃he　eat　very　freshly　of　our　meats；