Ì«×ÓүС˵Íø > Ó¢Óïµç×ÓÊé > indian heroes and great chieftains(Ó¡µÚ°²Ó¢ÐÛ) >

µÚ2½Ú

indian heroes and great chieftains(Ó¡µÚ°²Ó¢ÐÛ)-µÚ2½Ú

С˵£º indian heroes and great chieftains(Ó¡µÚ°²Ó¢ÐÛ) ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




retreat¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡pitch¡¡dark¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡could¡¡see¡¡nothing£»¡¡but¡¡judged¡¡that¡¡it¡¡must¡¡

be¡¡¡¡¡¡either¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡grizzly¡£¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡room¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡draw¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡bow¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡

must¡¡be¡¡between¡¡knife¡¡and¡¡knife£»¡¡or¡¡between¡¡knife¡¡and¡¡claws£»¡¡he¡¡said¡¡to¡¡

himself¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡intruder¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡search¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡quietly¡¡¡¡¡¡lay¡¡¡¡¡¡down¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡opposite¡¡

corner¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡cave¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Red¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Cloud¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡remained¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡perfectly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡still£»¡¡¡¡scarcely¡¡

breathing£»¡¡his¡¡hand¡¡upon¡¡his¡¡knife¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Hour¡¡after¡¡hour¡¡he¡¡lay¡¡broad¡¡awake£»¡¡

while¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thoughts¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡passed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡brain¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Suddenly£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡

warning£»¡¡he¡¡sneezed£»¡¡and¡¡instantly¡¡a¡¡strong¡¡man¡¡sprang¡¡to¡¡a¡¡sitting¡¡posture¡¡

opposite¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡first¡¡gray¡¡¡¡of¡¡morning¡¡was¡¡creeping¡¡into¡¡their¡¡rocky¡¡¡¡den£»¡¡

and¡¡behold£¡¡¡a¡¡Ute¡¡hunter¡¡sat¡¡before¡¡him¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Desperate¡¡as¡¡the¡¡situation¡¡appeared£»¡¡it¡¡was¡¡not¡¡without¡¡a¡¡grim¡¡humor¡£¡¡

Neither¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡afford¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡take¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡eyes¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡other's£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡tension¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

great£»¡¡till¡¡at¡¡last¡¡a¡¡smile¡¡wavered¡¡over¡¡the¡¡expressionless¡¡face¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Ute¡£¡¡

Red¡¡Cloud¡¡answered¡¡the¡¡smile£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡that¡¡instant¡¡a¡¡treaty¡¡of¡¡peace¡¡was¡¡

born¡¡between¡¡them¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Put¡¡your¡¡knife¡¡in¡¡its¡¡sheath¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡shall¡¡do¡¡so¡¡also£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡will¡¡smoke¡¡

together£»¡¨¡¡signed¡¡Red¡¡Cloud¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡other¡¡assented¡¡gladly£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡ratified¡¡

thus¡¡the¡¡truce¡¡which¡¡assured¡¡to¡¡each¡¡a¡¡safe¡¡return¡¡to¡¡his¡¡friends¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Having¡¡

finished¡¡their¡¡smoke£»¡¡they¡¡shook¡¡hands¡¡and¡¡separated¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Neither¡¡had¡¡given¡¡

the¡¡other¡¡any¡¡information¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Red¡¡Cloud¡¡returned¡¡to¡¡his¡¡party¡¡and¡¡told¡¡his¡¡

story£»¡¡¡¡¡¡adding¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡divulged¡¡¡¡¡¡nothing¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡nothing¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡report¡£¡¡

Some¡¡were¡¡inclined¡¡to¡¡censure¡¡him¡¡for¡¡not¡¡fighting£»¡¡but¡¡he¡¡was¡¡sustained¡¡

by¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡majority¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡warriors£»¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡commended¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡self¡­restraint¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

day¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡discovered¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡main¡¡¡¡¡¡camp¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡enemy¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡fought¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

remarkable¡¡battle£»¡¡in¡¡which¡¡Red¡¡Cloud¡¡especially¡¡distinguished¡¡himself¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡Sioux¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡entering¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡stormy¡¡¡¡¡¡period¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡

history¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡old¡¡things¡¡were¡¡fast¡¡giving¡¡place¡¡to¡¡new¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡young¡¡men£»¡¡

for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡engaging¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡serious¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡destructive¡¡¡¡¡¡warfare¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡6¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡INDIAN¡¡HEROES¡¡AND¡¡GREAT¡¡CHIEFTAINS¡¡



neighboring¡¡tribes£»¡¡armed¡¡with¡¡the¡¡deadly¡¡weapons¡¡furnished¡¡by¡¡the¡¡white¡¡

man£»¡¡began¡¡to¡¡realize¡¡that¡¡they¡¡must¡¡soon¡¡enter¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡desperate¡¡struggle¡¡

for¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡ancestral¡¡¡¡¡¡hunting¡¡¡¡¡¡grounds¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡innocently¡¡

cultivating¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡friendship¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡stranger£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡saying¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡themselves£»¡¡

¡¨Surely¡¡there¡¡is¡¡land¡¡enough¡¡for¡¡all£¡¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Red¡¡Cloud¡¡was¡¡a¡¡modest¡¡and¡¡little¡¡known¡¡man¡¡of¡¡about¡¡twenty¡­eight¡¡

years£»¡¡when¡¡General¡¡Harney¡¡called¡¡all¡¡the¡¡western¡¡bands¡¡of¡¡Sioux¡¡together¡¡

at¡¡Fort¡¡Laramie£»¡¡Wyoming£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡purpose¡¡of¡¡securing¡¡an¡¡agreement¡¡and¡¡

right¡¡of¡¡way¡¡through¡¡their¡¡territory¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡Ogallalas¡¡held¡¡aloof¡¡from¡¡this¡¡

proposal£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡Bear¡¡¡¡¡¡Bull£»¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡Ogallala¡¡¡¡¡¡chief£»¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡having¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡plied¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡

whisky£»¡¡undertook¡¡to¡¡dictate¡¡submission¡¡to¡¡the¡¡rest¡¡of¡¡the¡¡clan¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Enraged¡¡

by¡¡failure£»¡¡he¡¡fired¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡group¡¡of¡¡his¡¡own¡¡tribesmen£»¡¡and¡¡Red¡¡Cloud's¡¡

father¡¡and¡¡brother¡¡fell¡¡dead¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡According¡¡to¡¡Indian¡¡custom£»¡¡it¡¡fell¡¡to¡¡him¡¡to¡¡

avenge¡¡the¡¡deed¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Calmly£»¡¡without¡¡uttering¡¡a¡¡word£»¡¡he¡¡faced¡¡old¡¡Bear¡¡Bull¡¡

and¡¡his¡¡son£»¡¡who¡¡attempted¡¡to¡¡defend¡¡his¡¡father£»¡¡and¡¡shot¡¡them¡¡both¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡

did¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡believed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡duty£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡band¡¡¡¡¡¡sustained¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡£¡¡

Indeed£»¡¡the¡¡tragedy¡¡gave¡¡the¡¡young¡¡man¡¡at¡¡once¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡standing£»¡¡as¡¡one¡¡

who¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡defended¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡against¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡enemies¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡without£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡

against¡¡¡¡¡¡injustice¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡aggression¡¡¡¡¡¡within¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡tribe¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡From¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡

was¡¡a¡¡recognized¡¡leader¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Man¡­Afraid¡­of¡­His¡­Horse£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡then¡¡¡¡¡¡head¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡chief¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Ogallalas£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡took¡¡

council¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡Red¡¡¡¡¡¡Cloud¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡important¡¡¡¡¡¡matters£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡young¡¡¡¡¡¡warrior¡¡

rapidly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡advanced¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡authority¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡influence¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡1854£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

barely¡¡thirty¡­five¡¡years¡¡old£»¡¡the¡¡various¡¡bands¡¡were¡¡again¡¡encamped¡¡near¡¡

Fort¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Laramie¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mormon¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡emigrant¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡train£»¡¡¡¡moving¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡westward£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡left¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

footsore¡¡cow¡¡behind£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡young¡¡men¡¡killed¡¡her¡¡for¡¡food¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡next¡¡

day£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡astonishment£»¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡officer¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡thirty¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡appeared¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Indian¡¡camp¡¡and¡¡demanded¡¡of¡¡old¡¡Conquering¡¡Bear¡¡that¡¡they¡¡be¡¡given¡¡up¡£¡¡

The¡¡chief¡¡in¡¡vain¡¡protested¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡all¡¡a¡¡mistake¡¡and¡¡offered¡¡to¡¡make¡¡

reparation¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡would¡¡seem¡¡that¡¡either¡¡the¡¡officer¡¡was¡¡under¡¡the¡¡influence¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡liquor£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡else¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡bully¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Indians£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡accept¡¡

neither¡¡explanation¡¡nor¡¡payment£»¡¡but¡¡demanded¡¡point¡­blank¡¡that¡¡the¡¡young¡¡

men¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡killed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡cow¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡delivered¡¡¡¡¡¡up¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡summary¡¡¡¡¡¡punishment¡£¡¡

The¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡chief¡¡¡¡¡¡refused¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡intimidated¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡shot¡¡¡¡¡¡dead¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡spot¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡6¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡7¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡INDIAN¡¡HEROES¡¡AND¡¡GREAT¡¡CHIEFTAINS¡¡



Not¡¡one¡¡soldier¡¡ever¡¡reached¡¡the¡¡gate¡¡of¡¡Fort¡¡Laramie£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Here¡¡Red¡¡Cloud¡¡

led¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡young¡¡¡¡¡¡Ogallalas£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡intense¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡feeling¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡

killed¡¡the¡¡half¡­breed¡¡interpreter¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Curiously¡¡enough£»¡¡there¡¡was¡¡no¡¡attempt¡¡at¡¡retaliation¡¡on¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

army£»¡¡and¡¡no¡¡serious¡¡break¡¡until¡¡1860£»¡¡when¡¡the¡¡Sioux¡¡were¡¡involved¡¡in¡¡

troubles¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Cheyennes¡¡and¡¡Arapahoes¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡1862£»¡¡a¡¡grave¡¡outbreak¡¡

was¡¡precipitated¡¡by¡¡the¡¡eastern¡¡Sioux¡¡in¡¡Minnesota¡¡under¡¡Little¡¡Crow£»¡¡in¡¡

which¡¡the¡¡western¡¡bands¡¡took¡¡no¡¡part¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yet¡¡this¡¡event¡¡ushered¡¡in¡¡a¡¡new¡¡

period¡¡for¡¡their¡¡race¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡surveyors¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Union¡¡Pacific¡¡were¡¡laying¡¡out¡¡

the¡¡proposed¡¡¡¡¡¡road¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡heart¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡southern¡¡¡¡¡¡buffalo¡¡¡¡¡¡country£»¡¡¡¡the¡¡

rendezvous¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Ogallalas£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Brules£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Arapahoes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Comanches£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Pawnees£»¡¡

who¡¡followed¡¡the¡¡buffalo¡¡as¡¡a¡¡means¡¡of¡¡livelihood¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To¡¡be¡¡sure£»¡¡most¡¡of¡¡

these¡¡tribes¡¡were¡¡at¡¡war¡¡with¡¡one¡¡another£»¡¡yet¡¡during¡¡the¡¡summer¡¡months¡¡

they¡¡met¡¡often¡¡to¡¡proclaim¡¡a¡¡truce¡¡and¡¡hold¡¡joint¡¡councils¡¡and¡¡festivities£»¡¡

which¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡largely¡¡¡¡¡¡turned¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡discussions¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡common¡¡¡¡¡¡enemy¡£¡¡

It¡¡¡¡¡¡became¡¡¡¡¡¡evident£»¡¡¡¡¡¡however£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡smaller¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡weaker¡¡¡¡¡¡tribes¡¡

were¡¡inclined¡¡to¡¡welcome¡¡the¡¡new¡¡order¡¡of¡¡things£»¡¡recognizing¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡

the¡¡policy¡¡of¡¡the¡¡government¡¡to¡¡put¡¡an¡¡end¡¡to¡¡tribal¡¡warfare¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Red¡¡Cloud's¡¡position¡¡was¡¡uncompromisingly¡¡against¡¡submission¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡

made¡¡some¡¡noted¡¡speeches¡¡in¡¡this¡¡line£»¡¡one¡¡of¡¡which¡¡was¡¡repeated¡¡to¡¡me¡¡

by¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡heard¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡remembered¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡remarkable¡¡

verbal¡¡memory¡¡of¡¡an¡¡Indian¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Friends£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡Red¡¡Cloud£»¡¡¡¨it¡¡has¡¡been¡¡our¡¡misfortune¡¡to¡¡welcome¡¡the¡¡

white¡¡man¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡have¡¡been¡¡deceived¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡brought¡¡with¡¡him¡¡some¡¡shining¡¡

things¡¡that¡¡pleased¡¡our¡¡eyes£»¡¡he¡¡brought¡¡weapons¡¡more¡¡effective¡¡than¡¡our¡¡

own£º¡¡above¡¡all£»¡¡he¡¡brought¡¡the¡¡spirit¡¡water¡¡that¡¡makes¡¡one¡¡forget¡¡for¡¡a¡¡time¡¡

old¡¡¡¡¡¡age£»¡¡¡¡¡¡weakness£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡sorrow¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡wish¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡say¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡

would¡¡possess¡¡these¡¡things¡¡for¡¡yourselves£»¡¡you¡¡must¡¡begin¡¡anew¡¡and¡¡put¡¡

away¡¡the¡¡wisdom¡¡of¡¡your¡¡fathers¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡must¡¡lay¡¡up¡¡food£»¡¡and¡¡forget¡¡the¡¡

hungry¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡house¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡built£»¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡storeroom¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡filled£»¡¡¡¡then¡¡¡¡¡¡look¡¡

around¡¡for¡¡a¡¡neighbor¡¡whom¡¡you¡¡can¡¡take¡¡at¡¡a¡¡disadvantage£»¡¡and¡¡seize¡¡all¡¡

that¡¡he¡¡has£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Give¡¡away¡¡only¡¡what¡¡you¡¡do¡¡not¡¡want£»¡¡or¡¡rather£»¡¡do¡¡not¡¡part¡¡

with¡¡any¡¡of¡¡your¡¡possessions¡¡unless¡¡in¡¡exchange¡¡for¡¡another's¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨My¡¡¡¡¡¡countrymen£»¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡glittering¡¡¡¡¡¡trinkets¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡rich¡¡¡¡¡¡man£»¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡7¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡8¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡INDIAN¡¡HEROES¡¡AND¡¡GREAT¡¡CHIEFTAINS¡¡



deceitful¡¡¡¡¡¡drink¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡overcomes¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mind£»¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡things¡¡¡¡¡¡tempt¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

give¡¡up¡¡our¡¡homes£»¡¡our¡¡hunting¡¡grounds£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡honorable¡¡teaching¡¡of¡¡our¡¡

old¡¡¡¡¡¡men£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Shall¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡permit¡¡¡¡¡¡ourselves¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡driven¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡fro¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡

herded¡¡like¡¡the¡¡cattle¡¡of¡¡the¡¡white¡¡man£¿¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡next¡¡¡¡¡¡speech¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡remembered¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1866£»¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡

before¡¡the¡¡attack¡¡on¡¡Fort¡¡Phil¡¡Kearny¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡tension¡¡of¡¡feeling¡¡against¡¡the¡¡

invaders¡¡had¡¡now¡¡reached¡¡its¡¡height¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡was¡¡no¡¡dissenting¡¡voice¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡council¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡Powder¡¡River£»¡¡when¡¡it¡¡was¡¡decided¡¡to¡¡oppose¡¡to¡¡the¡¡

uttermost¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡evident¡¡¡¡¡¡purpose¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡government¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Red¡¡¡¡¡¡Cloud¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡

altogether¡¡¡¡¡¡ignorant¡¡

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ