the memoirs of cardinal de retz-第27节
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n of love influenced her conduct more than politics； she who was the Amazon of a great party degenerated into the character of a fortune…hunter。 But the grace of God brought her back to her former self； which all the world was not able to do。
Character of Madame de Chevreuse。
Madame de Chevreuse had not so much as the remains of beauty when I knew her； she was the only person I ever saw whose vivacity supplied the want of judgment； her wit was so brilliant and so full of wisdom that the greatest men of the age would not have been ashamed of it； while； in truth； it was owing to some lucky opportunity。 If she had been born in time of peace she would never have imagined there could have been such a thing as war。 If the Prior of the Carthusians had but pleased her； she would have been a nun all her lifetime。 M。 de Lorraine was the first that engaged her in State affairs。 The Duke of Buckingham＇George Villiers； Duke of Buckingham； assassinated when preparing to succour Rochelle。＇ and the Earl of Holland （an English lord； of the family of Rich； and younger son of the Earl of Warwick； then ambassador in France） kept her to themselves； M。 de Chateauneuf continued the amusement； till at last she abandoned herself to the pleasing of a person whom she loved； without any choice； but purely because it was impossible for her to live without being in love with somebody。 It was no hard task to give her one to serve the turn of the faction； but as soon as she accepted him she loved him with all her heart and soul； and she confessed that； by the caprice of fortune； she never loved best where she esteemed most； except in the case of the poor Duke of Buckingham。 Notwithstanding her attachment in love； which we may； properly call her everlasting passion； notwithstanding the frequent change of objects； she was peevish and touchy almost to distraction； but when herself again； her transports were very agreeable； never was anybody less fearful of real danger； and never had woman more contempt for scruples and ceremonies。
Character of Mademoiselle de Chevreuse。
Mademoiselle de Chevreuse was more beautiful in her person than charming in her carriage； and by nature extremely silly； her amorous passion made her seem witty； serious； and agreeable only to him whom she was in love with； but she soon treated him as she did her petticoat； which to…day she took into her bed； and to…morrow cast into the fire out of pure aversion。
Character of the Princess Palatine。
The Princess Palatine' had just as much gallantry as gravity。 I believe she had as great a talent for State affairs as Elizabeth； Queen of England。 I have seen her in the faction； I have seen her in the Cabinet； and found her everywhere equally sincere。
Character of Madame de Montbazon。
Madame de Montbazon was a very great beauty； only modesty was visibly wanting in her air； her grand air and her way of talking sometimes supplied her want of sense。 She loved nothing more than her pleasures； unless it was her private interest； and I never knew a vicious person that had so little respect for virtue。
Character of the First President。
If it were not a sort of blasphemy to say that any mortal of our times had more courage than the great Gustavus Adolphus and the Prince de Conde； I would venture to affirm it of M。 Mole； the First President； but his wit was far inferior to his courage。 It is true that his enunciation was not agreeable； but his eloquence was such that； though it shocked the ear； it seized the imagination。 He sought the interest of the public preferably to all things； not excepting the interest of his own family； which yet he loved too much for a magistrate。 He had not a genius to see at times the good he was capable of doing； presumed too much upon his authority； and imagined that he could moderate both the Court and Parliament； but he failed in both； made himself suspected by both； and thus； with a design to do good； he did evil。 Prejudices contributed not a little to this； for I observed he was prejudiced to such a degree that he always judged of actions by men； and scarcely ever of men by their actions。
To return to our history。 All the companies having united and settled the necessary funds； a complete army was raised in Paris in a week's time。 The Bastille surrendered after five or six cannon shots； and it was a pretty sight to see the women carry their chairs into the garden； where the guns were stationed； for the sake of seeing the siege； just as if about to hear a sermon。
M。 de Beaufort； having escaped from his confinement； arrived this very day in Paris。 I found that his imprisonment had not made him one jot the wiser。 Indeed； it had got him a reputation； because he bore it with constancy and made his escape with courage。 It was also his merit not to have abandoned the banks of the Loire at a time when it absolutely required abundance of skill and courage to stay there。 It is an easy matter for those who are disgraced at Court to make the best of their own merit in the beginning of a civil war。 He had a mind to form an alliance with me； and knowing how to employ him advantageously； I prepossessed the people in his favour； and exaggerated the conspiracy which the Cardinal had formed against him by means of Du Hamel。
As my friendship was necessary to him； so his was necessary to me； for my profession on many occasions being a restraint upon me； I wanted a man sometimes to stand before me。 M。 de La Mothe was so dependent on M。 de Longueville that I could not rely on him； and M。 de Bouillon was not a man to be governed。
We went together to wait on the Prince de Conti； we stopped the coach in the streets； where I proclaimed the name of M。 de Beaufort； praised him and showed him to the people； upon which the people were suddenly fired with enthusiasm； the women kissed him； and the crowd was so great that we had much ado to get to the Hotel de Ville。 The next day he offered a petition to the Parliament desiring he might have leave to justify himself against the accusation of his having formed a design against the life of the Cardinal； which was granted； and he was accordingly cleared next day； and the Parliament issued that famous decree for seizing all the cash of the Crown in all the public and private receipt offices of the kingdom and employing it in the common defence。
The Prince de Conde was enraged at the declaration published by the Prince de Conti and M。 de Longueville； which cast the Court； then at Saint Germain； into such a despair that the Cardinal was upon the point of retiring。 I was abused there without mercy； as appeared by a letter sent to Madame de Longueville from the Princess； her mother； in which I read this sentence： 〃They rail here plentifully against the Coadjutor； whom yet I cannot forbear thanking for what he has done for the poor Queen of England。〃 This circumstance is very curious。 You must know that a few days before the King left Paris I visited the Queen of England； whom I found in the apartment of her daughter； since Madame d'Orleans。 〃You see； monsieur；〃 said the Queen； 〃I come here to keep Henriette company； the poor child has lain in bed all day for want of a fire。〃 The truth is； the Cardinal having stopped the Queen's pension six months； tradesmen were unwilling to give her credit； and there was not a chip of wood in the house。 You may be sure I took care that a Princess of Great Britain should not be confined to her bed next day； for want of a fagot； and a few days after I exaggerated the scandal of this desertion； and the Parliament sent the Queen a present of 40；000 livres。 Posterity will hardly believe that the Queen of England； granddaughter of Henri the Great； wanted a fagot to light a fire in the month of January； in the Louvre； and at the Court of France。
There are many passages in history less monstrous than this which make us shudder； and this mean action of the Court made so little impression upon the minds of the generality of the people at that time that I have reflected a thousand times since that we are far more moved at the hearing of old stories than of those of the present time； we are not shocked at what we see with our own eyes； and I question whether our surprise would be as great as we imagine at the story of Caligula's promoting his horse to the dignity of a consul were he and his horse now living。
To return to the war。 A cornet of my regiment being taken prisoner and carried to Saint Germain； the Queen immediately ordered his head to be cut off； but I sent a trumpeter to acquaint the Court that I would make reprisals upon my prisoners； so that my cornet was exchanged and a cartel settled。
As soon as Paris declared itself； all the kingdom was in a quandary； for the Parliament of Paris sent circular letters to all the Parliaments and cities in the kingdom exhorting them to join against the common enemy； upon which the Parliaments of Aix and Rouen joined with that of Paris。 The Prince d'Harcourt； now Duc d'Elbeuf； and the cities of Rheims； Tours； and Potiers； took up arms in its favour。 The Duc de La Tremouille raised men for them publicly。 The Duc de Retz
