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第7节

how to live on twenty-four hours a day-第7节

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need not prevent you from making yourself familiar with the construction 
of the orchestra to which you listen a couple of nights a week during a 
couple of months!  As things are; you probably think of the orchestra as a 
heterogeneous mass of instruments producing a confused agreeable mass 
of sound。  You do not listen for details because you have never trained 
your ears to listen to details。

If you were asked to name the instruments which play the great theme at 
the beginning of the C minor symphony you could not name them for your 
life's sake。  Yet you admire the C minor symphony。  It has thrilled you。  It 
will thrill you again。  You have even talked about it; in an expansive mood; 
to that ladyyou know whom I mean。  And all you can positively state 
about the C minor symphony is that Beethoven composed it and that it is 
a 〃jolly fine thing。〃

Now; if you have read; say; Mr。 Krehbiel's 〃How to Listen to Music〃 (which 
can be got at any bookseller's for less than the price of a stall at the Alhambra; 
and which contains photographs of all the orchestral instruments and plans of 
the arrangement of orchestras) you would next go to a promenade concert with 
an astonishing intensification of interest in it。  Instead of a confused mass; the 
orchestra would appear to you as what it isa marvellously balanced organism 
whose various groups of members each have a different and an indispensable 
function。  You would spy out the instruments; and listen for their respective 
sounds。  You would know the gulf that separates a French horn from an English 
horn; and you would perceive why a player of the hautboy gets higher wages 
than a fiddler; though the fiddle is the more difficult instrument。  You would 
*live* at a promenade concert; whereas previously you had merely existed 
there in a state of beatific coma; like a baby gazing at a bright object。

The foundations of a genuine; systematic knowledge of music might be laid。  
You might specialise your inquiries either on a particular form of music (such 
as the symphony); or on the works of a particular composer。  At the end of a 
year of forty…eight weeks of three brief evenings each; combined with a study 
of programmes and attendances at concerts chosen out of your increasing 
knowledge; you would really know something about music; even though you 
were as far off as ever from jangling 〃The Maiden's Prayer〃 on the piano。

〃But I hate music!〃 you say。  My dear sir; I respect you。

What applies to music applies to the other arts。  I might mention Mr。 Clermont 
Witt's 〃How to Look at Pictures;〃 or Mr。 Russell Sturgis's 〃How to Judge 
Architecture;〃 as beginnings (merely beginnings) of systematic vitalising 
knowledge in other arts; the materials for whose study abound in London。

〃I hate all the arts!〃 you say。  My dear sir; I respect you more and more。

I will deal with your case next; before coming to literature。


                             
                                                   X

                       NOTHING IN LIFE IS HUMDRUM

Art is a great thing。  But it is not the greatest。  The most important of all 
perceptions is the continual perception of cause and effect…in other words; 
the perception of the continuous development of the universe…in still other 
words; the perception of the course of evolution。  When one has thoroughly 
got imbued into one's head the leading truth that nothing happens without a 
cause; one grows not only large…minded; but large…hearted。

It is hard to have one's watch stolen; but one reflects that the thief of the 
watch became a thief from causes of heredity and environment which are 
as interesting as they are scientifically comprehensible; and one buys 
another watch; if not with joy; at any rate with a philosophy that makes 
bitterness impossible。  One loses; in the study of cause and effect; that 
absurd air which so many people have of being always shocked and pained 
by the curiousness of life。  Such people live amid human nature as if human 
nature were a foreign country full of awful foreign customs。 But; having 
reached maturity; one ought surely to be ashamed of being a stranger in a 
strange land!

The study of cause and effect; while it lessens the painfulness of life; adds 
to life's picturesqueness。  The man to whom evolution is but a name looks 
at the sea as a grandiose; monotonous spectacle; which he can witness in 
August for three shillings third…class return。  The man who is imbued with
the idea of development; of continuous cause and effect; perceives in the 
sea an element which in the day…before…yesterday of geology was vapour; 
which yesterday was boiling; and which to…morrow will inevitably be ice。

He perceives that a liquid is merely something on its way to be solid; and 
he is penetrated by a sense of the tremendous; changeful picturesqueness of 
life。  Nothing will afford a more durable satisfaction than the constantly 
cultivated appreciation of this。  It is the end of all science。

Cause and effect are to be found everywhere。  Rents went up in Shepherd's 
Bush。  It was painful and shocking that rents should go up in Shepherd's 
Bush。  But to a certain point we are all scientific students of cause and effect; 
and there was not a clerk lunching at a Lyons Restaurant who did not scienti…
fically put two and two together and see in the (once) Two…penny Tube the 
cause of an excessive demand for wigwams in Shepherd's Bush; and in the 
excessive demand for wigwams the cause of the increase in the price of 
wigwams。

〃Simple!〃 you say; disdainfully。  Everything…the whole complex movement 
of the universe…is as simple as that…when you can sufficiently put two and 
two together。  And; my dear sir; perhaps you happen to be an estate agent's 
clerk; and you hate the arts; and you want to foster your immortal soul; and 
you can't be interested in your business because it's so humdrum。

Nothing is humdrum。

The tremendous; changeful picturesqueness of life is marvellously shown 
in an estate agent's office。  What!  There was a block of traffic in Oxford 
Street; to avoid the block people actually began to travel under the cellars 
and drains; and the result was a rise of rents in Shepherd's Bush!  And you 
say that isn't picturesque!  Suppose you were to study; in this spirit; the 
property question in London for an hour and a half every other evening。  
Would it not give zest to your business; and transform your whole life?

You would arrive at more difficult problems。  And you would be able to 
tell us why; as the natural result of cause and effect; the longest straight 
street in London is about a yard and a half in length; while the longest 
absolutely straight street in Paris extends for miles。  I think you will 
admit that in an estate agent's clerk I have not chosen an example that 
specially favours my theories。

You are a bank clerk; and you have not read that breathless romance 
(disguised as a scientific study); Walter Bagehot's 〃Lombard Street〃?  
Ah; my dear sir; if you had begun with that; and followed it up for ninety 
minutes every other evening; how enthralling your business would be to 
you; and how much more clearly you would understand human nature。

You are 〃penned in town;〃 but you love excursions to the country and 
the observation of wild life…certainly a heart…enlarging diversion。  Why 
don't you walk out of your house door; in your slippers; to the nearest 
gas lamp of a night with a butterfly net; and observe the wild life of 
common and rare moths that is beating about it; and co…ordinate the 
knowledge thus obtained and build a superstructure on it; and at last 
get to know something about something?

You need not be devoted to the arts; not to literature; in order to live fully。

The whole field of daily habit and scene is waiting to satisfy that curiosity 
which means life; and the satisfaction of which means an understanding heart。

I promised to deal with your case; O man who hates art and literature; and 
I have dealt with it。  I now come to the case of the person; happily very 
common; who does 〃like reading。〃



                                                       XI

                                        SERIOUS READING


Novels are excluded from 〃serious reading;〃 so that the man who; bent on 
self…improvement; has been deciding to devote ninety minutes three times 
a week to a complete study of the works of Charles Dickens will be well 
advised to alter his plans。  The reason is not that novels are not serious
some of the great literature of the world is in the form of prose fiction
the reason is that bad novels ought not to be read; and that good novels 
never demand any appreciable mental application on the part of the reader。  
It is only the bad parts of Meredith's novels that are difficult。  A good novel 
rushes you forward like a skiff down a stream; and you arrive at the end; 
perhaps breathless; but unexhausted。  The best novels involve the least 
strain。  Now in the cultivation of the mind one of the most important factors 
is precisely the feeling of strain; of difficulty; of a task which one part of you 
is anx

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