04道德经英译本85种-第97节
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Visit Georges website to find extensive commentary and the text organized by topic:
〃The TTC is traditionally laid out in eighty杘ne 〃chapters;〃 which are not organized on a topic朾y杢opic basis。 For the sake of clarity; this version is set forth topically。 Each chapter is identified by its traditional chapter杗umber。〃
1
The Tao that can be defined is not the real Tao。
The name that can be named is not the real Name。
The unnamable 'Tao' is the source of Heaven and Earth。
Naming is the mother of all particular things。
Free from desire; you experience reality。
Trapped in desire; you see only appearances。
Reality and appearance have different names;
but they emerge from the same source 'i。e。; the Tao'。
This source is called darkness; deep darkness;
and yet it is the way to all wisdom。
2
No beauty without ugliness。
No good without evil。
Being and non朾eing are two aspects of the same reality。
Difficult and easy; long and short; high and low; before and after:
With each pair; two sides of the same coin。。
Therefore; the Tao朚aster acts with non朼do 'wu杦ei'
and teaches without speaking。
Things come and go。 He lets them come and go。
He creates; but he does not own。
He achieves; but he takes no credit。
He completes his work and then forgets about it。
Practice non朼do; and your accomplishments endure。
3
Glorify the superior; hatch jealousy and competition。
Value possessions; provoke stealing。
Stimulate desire; enflame the passions。
Therefore; the Tao朚aster would rule
by emptying minds and filling bellies;
by weakening desire and strengthening bodies。
He would lead the people away from knowing and wanting
and would try to prevent those with knowledge
from interfering。
Practice non朼do; and everything will fall into place。
4
The Tao is empty: used but never used up。
It is the bottomless source of all things。
It blunts sharp edges; unties knots; softens glare; clears dust。
It is hidden; but always present。
I don't know its mother。
It is older than the gods 'if there are any gods'。
5
The Tao is impartial; it sees all things as straw 'fake' dogs。
The Tao朚aster is also impartial; he regards people as straw dogs。
The Tao is like a bellows: it is empty yet infinitely available。
It is always producing。
Speak of it; fail to grasp it。
Hold on to the center。
6
The valley spirit; the Great Mother:
Her doorway is the channel from which
Heaven and Earth came forth。
She is always present and inexhaustible。
7
Heaven and Earth are everlasting。
Since they were never born; they will never die。
They do not exist for themselves and thus go on forever。
The Tao朚aster stays behind and is thus ahead。
He is detached and is thus one with all things。
He is selfless and is thus fulfilled。
8
It is good to be like water。
It nourishes without effort。
It flows without contention into low places that people scorn。
Thus; it is like the Tao。
In dwelling; live close to the land。
In thinking; go deep。
In relating to others; be gentle。
In governing; seek good order and justice。
In acting; be skillful。
In working; do all things at the right time。
No contention; no strife。
9
Fill your bowl all the way: it overflows。
Keep sharpening your sword: it gets dull。
Pile up gold and jade: it cannot be protected。
Increase your wealth; status; and power: you suffer ruin。
Do your work; then withdraw: that's the Way!
10
Can you keep body and soul together
and find your wholeness in the One?
Can you make your breathing as soft as a newborn child's?
Can you cleanse your inner vision
until you see with perfect clarity?
Can you love the people and govern the country without ado?
Can you; like a woman; open and close the gates of Heaven?
Can you understand all things and take no action?
Giving birth and nourishing; having but not owning;
acting without seeking praise; leading but not dominating:
this is the highest virtue 'Te'。
11
Thirty spokes are joined in the hub of the wheel;
but it is the center hole; where it is empty;
that makes the wheel useful。
We make a clay pot;
but it is the emptiness inside that makes the pot useful。
We cut windows and doors to make a room;
but it is the inner emptiness that makes the room useful。
We seek to take advantage of what is;
but we also find much use for what is not。
12
The five colors can make us blind。
The five sounds can make us deaf。
The five flavors can deaden our taste。
Racing; chasing; and hunting can drive us mad。
The pursuit of treasure knocks us off the path。
Therefore; the Tao朚aster follows his inner vision
rather than his outer vision。
He chooses this but not that。
13
Being in favor or being in disgrace: either way; trouble。
It is all within the Self。
What does this mean?
Being in favor; we fear falling out of favor。
Being out of favor; we fear remaining there。
This fear is within the Self。
No Self; no fear。
Do you value the world as you value yourself?
You may be trusted to rule。
Do you love the world as you love yourself?
The world may be entrusted to your care。
14
Look; but you can't see it。
Listen; but you can't hear it。
Reach out; but you can't touch it。
Invisible; inaudible; intangible。
Elusive。
The One。
When it rises; no light。
When it sets; no darkness。
It calls all things back into nothingness 'No朤hing朜ess'。
Formless form; imageless image。
No front; no back。
Live in the Tao of old; master the present。
Know the Source: The essence of Tao。
15
The Tao朚asters of old had profound wisdom and deep understanding。
They were unfathomable。
We cannot comprehend them; all we can do is describe them:
Cautious; like someone crossing an icy stream;
Alert; like someone sensing danger;
Courteous; like a houseguest;
Yielding; like melting ice;
Undefined; like a piece of uncarved wood;
Open; like a valley;
Murky; like muddy water。
We must wait for the water to settle; then it will be clear。
Can you keep still until what is needed becomes clear?
Those who follow the Tao are not full of themselves。
They are like durable garments that need no renewal。
16
Empty yourself。
Be calm。
The ten thousand things come and go。
Just watch them。
All things return to the Source; where there is stillness。
To return to the Source is to recover what is permanent。
Knowing what is permanent: enlightenment。
Not knowing what is permanent: disaster。
Knowing what is permanent opens the mind。
Open mind; open heart。
Open heart; magnanimity。
Magnanimity; a virtue of queens and kings。
A true queen or king lives in accord with Nature。
To live in accord with Nature is to find the Tao。
Following the Tao makes death harmless。
17
The best ruler: hardly known to exist。
Next best: known and loved。
Next best: feared。
The worst: despised。
No trust given; no trust received。
The best ruler rules without fanfare。
When his work is successful; the people say;
〃Fantastic! We've done it!〃
18
When the Tao is not followed; kindness and morality appear。
When intelligence and learning are exalted;
pretentiousness emerges。
When there is no peace and order in the family;
then we get all kinds of talk about 〃family values。〃
When the country is badly governed and in chaos;
we then glorify patriotism。
19
Discard learning and knowledge;
and the people will be a hundred times happier。
Banish kindness and morality;
and the people will rediscover love and duty。
Forget about industry and profit;
and there won't be any thieves。
When these three things are done; more will be required:
Look at plain silk; hold uncarved wood;
let self dwindle; let desire fade。
20
No more learning; no more trouble。
Is there any real difference between 〃Ahhh!〃 and 〃Yuk!〃?
What about 〃good〃 and 〃evil〃?
Must I fear what others fear?
Ridiculous!
Everybody else is smiling;
having fun as if at a festival or carnival。
I alone am drifting; not knowing whether I'm coming or going;
like a baby before it has learned to smile。
Others have what they need; I have nothing。
I might as well be homeless。
I'm a fool。 Very confused。
Others are bright; I am dim。
Others are sharp; I am dull; lost at sea; without direction。
Others have plans; I am aimless。
I am different from others。
I am nourished by the Great Mother。
21
Te flows from Tao。
Tao is elusive and evasive。
Evasive and elusive; yet within it there