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¡¡¡¡65

¡¡¡¡The¡¡Virtue¡¡of¡¡Simplicity

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¡¡¡¡If¡¡people¡¡are¡¡difficult¡¡to¡¡govern£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡because¡¡they¡¡are¡¡too¡¡smart¡£¡¡To¡¡govern¡¡the¡¡country¡¡with¡¡smartness¡¡is¡¡the¡¡country's¡¡curse¡£¡¡To¡¡govern¡¡the¡¡country¡¡without¡¡smartness¡¡is¡¡the¡¡country's¡¡blessing¡£¡¡He¡¡who¡¡knows¡¡these¡¡two¡¡things¡¡is¡¡also¡¡a¡¡model¡¡£§like¡¡the¡¡ancients£§¡£¡¡Always¡¡to¡¡know¡¡the¡¡model¡¡is¡¡called¡¡profound¡¡virtue¡£

¡¡¡¡Spiritual¡¡virtue£»¡¡verily£»¡¡is¡¡profound¡£¡¡Verily£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡far¡­reaching¡£¡¡Verily£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡to¡¡everything¡¡reverse¡£¡¡But¡¡then¡¡it¡¡will¡¡procure¡¡great¡¡recognition¡£

¡¡¡¡66

¡¡¡¡Putting¡¡Oneself¡¡Behind

¡¡¡¡That¡¡rivers¡¡and¡¡oceans¡¡can¡¡of¡¡the¡¡hundred¡¡valleys¡¡be¡¡kings¡¡is¡¡due¡¡to¡¡their¡¡excelling¡¡in¡¡lowliness¡£¡¡Thus¡¡they¡¡can¡¡of¡¡the¡¡hundred¡¡valleys¡¡be¡¡the¡¡kings¡£

¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡man£»¡¡when¡¡anxious¡¡to¡¡be¡¡above¡¡the¡¡people£»¡¡must¡¡in¡¡his¡¡words¡¡keep¡¡underneath¡¡them¡£¡¡When¡¡anxious¡¡to¡¡lead¡¡the¡¡people£»¡¡he¡¡must¡¡with¡¡his¡¡person¡¡keep¡¡behind¡¡them¡£

¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡man¡¡dwells¡¡above£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡people¡¡are¡¡not¡¡burdened¡£¡¡He¡¡is¡¡ahead£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡people¡¡suffer¡¡no¡¡harm¡£

¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡the¡¡world¡¡rejoices¡¡in¡¡exalting¡¡him¡¡and¡¡does¡¡not¡¡tire¡£¡¡Because¡¡he¡¡strives¡¡not£»¡¡no¡¡one¡¡in¡¡the¡¡world¡¡will¡¡strive¡¡with¡¡him¡£

¡¡¡¡67

¡¡¡¡The¡¡Three¡¡Treasures

¡¡¡¡All¡¡in¡¡the¡¡world¡¡call¡¡me¡¡great£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡resemble¡¡the¡¡unlikely¡£¡¡Now¡¡a¡¡man¡¡is¡¡great¡¡only¡¡because¡¡he¡¡resembles¡¡the¡¡unlikely¡£¡¡Did¡¡he¡¡resemble¡¡the¡¡likely£»¡¡how¡¡lasting£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡would¡¡his¡¡mediocrity¡¡be£¡

¡¡¡¡1¡¡have¡¡three¡¡treasures¡¡which¡¡I¡¡cherish¡¡and¡¡prize¡£¡¡The¡¡first¡¡is¡¡called¡¡compassion¡£¡¡The¡¡second¡¡is¡¡called¡¡economy¡£¡¡The¡¡third¡¡is¡¡called¡¡not¡¡daring¡¡to¡¡come¡¡to¡¡the¡¡front¡¡in¡¡the¡¡world¡£

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¡¡¡¡Now£»¡¡if¡¡people¡¡discard¡¡compassion¡¡and¡¡are¡¡brave£»¡¡if¡¡they¡¡discard¡¡economy¡¡and¡¡are¡¡generous£»¡¡if¡¡they¡¡discard¡¡modesty¡¡and¡¡are¡¡ambitious£»¡¡they¡¡will¡¡surely¡¡die¡£

¡¡¡¡Now£»¡¡the¡¡compassionate¡¡will¡¡in¡¡attack¡¡be¡¡victorious£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡defence¡¡firm¡£¡¡Heaven¡¡when¡¡about¡¡to¡¡save¡¡one¡¡will¡¡with¡¡compassion¡¡protect¡¡him¡£

¡¡¡¡68

¡¡¡¡Complying¡¡With¡¡Heaven

¡¡¡¡He¡¡who¡¡excels¡¡as¡¡a¡¡warrior¡¡is¡¡not¡¡warlike¡£¡¡He¡¡who¡¡excels¡¡as¡¡a¡¡fighter¡¡is¡¡not¡¡wrathful¡£¡¡He¡¡who¡¡excels¡¡in¡¡conquering¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡does¡¡not¡¡strive¡£¡¡He¡¡who¡¡excels¡¡in¡¡employing¡¡men¡¡is¡¡lowly¡£

¡¡¡¡This¡¡is¡¡called¡¡the¡¡virtue¡¡of¡¡not¡­striving¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡called¡¡utilizing¡¡men's¡¡ability¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡called¡¡complying¡¡with¡¡heaven¡­since¡¡olden¡¡times¡¡the¡¡highest¡£

¡¡¡¡69

¡¡¡¡The¡¡Function¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Mysterious

¡¡¡¡A¡¡military¡¡expert¡¡used¡¡to¡¡say£º¡¡'I¡¡dare¡¡not¡¡act¡¡as¡¡host¡¡£§who¡¡takes¡¡the¡¡initiative£§¡¡but¡¡act¡¡as¡¡guest¡¡£§with¡¡reserve£§¡£¡¡I¡¡dare¡¡not¡¡advance¡¡an¡¡inch£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡withdraw¡¡a¡¡foot¡£¡¨

¡¡¡¡This¡¡is¡¡called¡¡marching¡¡without¡¡marching£»¡¡threatening¡¡without¡¡arms£»¡¡charging¡¡without¡¡hostility£»¡¡seizing¡¡without¡¡weapons¡£

¡¡¡¡No¡¡greater¡¡misfortune¡¡than¡¡making¡¡light¡¡of¡¡the¡¡enemy£¡¡¡When¡¡we¡¡make¡¡light¡¡of¡¡the¡¡enemy£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡almost¡¡as¡¡though¡¡we¡¡had¡¡lost¡¡our¡¡treasure£§compassion£§¡£

¡¡¡¡Thus£»¡¡if¡¡matched¡¡armies¡¡encounter¡¡one¡¡another£»¡¡the¡¡one¡¡who¡¡does¡¡so¡¡in¡¡sorrow¡¡is¡¡sure¡¡to¡¡conquer¡£

¡¡¡¡70

¡¡¡¡Difficult¡¡to¡¡Understand

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¡¡¡¡Words¡¡have¡¡an¡¡ancestor£»¡¡Deeds¡¡have¡¡a¡¡master¡¡£§viz¡££»¡¡Reason£§¡£¡¡Since¡¡he¡¡is¡¡not¡¡understood£»¡¡therefore¡¡I¡¡am¡¡not¡¡understood¡£¡¡Those¡¡who¡¡understand¡¡me¡¡are¡¡few£»¡¡and¡¡thus¡¡I¡¡am¡¡distinguished¡£

¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡man¡¡wears¡¡wool£»¡¡and¡¡hides¡¡in¡¡his¡¡bosom¡¡his¡¡jewels¡£

¡¡¡¡71

¡¡¡¡The¡¡Disease¡¡of¡¡Knowledge

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¡¡¡¡Only¡¡by¡¡becoming¡¡sick¡¡of¡¡sickness¡¡can¡¡we¡¡be¡¡without¡¡sickness¡£

¡¡¡¡The¡¡holy¡¡man¡¡is¡¡not¡¡sick¡£¡¡Because¡¡he¡¡is¡¡sick¡¡of¡¡sickness£»¡¡therefore¡¡he¡¡is¡¡not¡¡sick¡£

¡¡¡¡72

¡¡¡¡Holding¡¡Oneself¡¡Dear

¡¡¡¡If¡¡the¡¡people¡¡do¡¡not¡¡fear¡¡the¡¡dreadful£»¡¡the¡¡great¡¡dreadful¡¡will¡¡come£»¡¡surely¡£

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¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡man¡¡knows¡¡himself¡¡but¡¡does¡¡not¡¡display¡¡himself¡£¡¡He¡¡holds¡¡himself¡¡dear¡¡but¡¡does¡¡not¡¡honor¡¡himself¡£¡¡Thus¡¡he¡¡discards¡¡the¡¡latter¡¡and¡¡chooses¡¡the¡¡former¡£

¡¡¡¡73

¡¡¡¡Daring¡¡to¡¡Act

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¡¡¡¡¡¨Why¡¡’t¡¡is¡¡by¡¡heaven¡¡rejected£»
¡¡¡¡Who¡¡has¡¡the¡¡reason¡¡detected£¿¡¨

¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡man¡¡also¡¡regards¡¡it¡¡as¡¡difficult¡£

¡¡¡¡The¡¡Heavenly¡¡Reason¡¡strives¡¡not£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡sure¡¡to¡¡conquer¡£¡¡It¡¡speaks¡¡not£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡sure¡¡to¡¡respond¡£¡¡It¡¡summons¡¡not£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡comes¡¡of¡¡itself¡£¡¡It¡¡works¡¡patiently£»¡¡but¡¡is¡¡sure¡¡in¡¡its¡¡designs¡£

¡¡¡¡Heaven's¡¡net¡¡is¡¡vast£»¡¡so¡¡vast¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡wide¡­meshed£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡loses¡¡nothing¡£

¡¡¡¡74

¡¡¡¡Overcome¡¡Delusion

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¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡always¡¡an¡¡executioner¡¡who¡¡kills¡£¡¡Now¡¡to¡¡take¡¡the¡¡place¡¡of¡¡the¡¡executioner¡¡who¡¡kills¡¡is¡¡taking¡¡the¡¡place¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡carpenter¡¡who¡¡hews¡£¡¡If¡¡a¡¡man¡¡takes¡¡the¡¡place¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡carpenter¡¡who¡¡hews£»¡¡he¡¡will¡¡rarely£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡fail¡¡to¡¡injure¡¡his¡¡hand¡£

¡¡¡¡75

¡¡¡¡Harmed¡¡Through¡¡Greed

¡¡¡¡The¡¡people¡¡hunger¡¡because¡¡their¡¡superiors¡¡consume¡¡too¡¡many¡¡taxes£»¡¡therefore¡¡they¡¡hunger¡£¡¡The¡¡people¡¡are¡¡difficult¡¡to¡¡govern¡¡because¡¡their¡¡superiors¡¡are¡¡too¡¡meddlesome£»¡¡therefore¡¡they¡¡are¡¡difficult¡¡to¡¡govern¡£¡¡The¡¡people¡¡make¡¡light¡¡of¡¡death¡¡on¡¡account¡¡of¡¡the¡¡intensity¡¡of¡¡their¡¡clinging¡¡to¡¡life£»¡¡therefore¡¡they¡¡make¡¡light¡¡of¡¡death¡£

¡¡¡¡He¡¡who¡¡is¡¡not¡¡bent¡¡on¡¡life¡¡is¡¡worthier¡¡than¡¡he¡¡who¡¡esteems¡¡life¡£

¡¡¡¡76

¡¡¡¡Beware¡¡of¡¡Strength

¡¡¡¡Man¡¡during¡¡life¡¡is¡¡tender¡¡and¡¡delicate¡£¡¡When¡¡he¡¡dies¡¡he¡¡is¡¡stiff¡¡and¡¡stark¡£

¡¡¡¡The¡¡ten¡¡thousand¡¡things£»¡¡the¡¡grass¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡the¡¡trees£»¡¡while¡¡they¡¡live¡¡are¡¡tender¡¡and¡¡supple¡£¡¡When¡¡they¡¡die¡¡they¡¡are¡¡rigid¡¡and¡¡dry¡£

¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡hard¡¡and¡¡the¡¡strong¡¡are¡¡the¡¡companions¡¡of¡¡death¡£¡¡The¡¡tender¡¡and¡¡the¡¡delicate¡¡are¡¡the¡¡companions¡¡of¡¡life¡£

¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡he¡¡who¡¡in¡¡arms¡¡is¡¡strong¡¡will¡¡not¡¡conquer¡£

¡¡¡¡When¡¡a¡¡tree¡¡has¡¡grown¡¡strong¡¡it¡¡is¡¡doomed¡£

¡¡¡¡The¡¡strong¡¡and¡¡the¡¡great¡¡stay¡¡below¡£¡¡The¡¡tender¡¡and¡¡the¡¡delicate¡¡stay¡¡above¡£

¡¡¡¡77

¡¡¡¡Heaven's¡¡Reason

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¡¡¡¡Such¡¡is¡¡Heaven's¡¡Reason¡£¡¡It¡¡depleteth¡¡those¡¡who¡¡have¡¡abundance¡¡but¡¡completeth¡¡the¡¡deficient¡£

¡¡¡¡Man's¡¡Reason¡¡is¡¡not¡¡so¡£¡¡He¡¡depleteth¡¡the¡¡deficient¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡serve¡¡those¡¡who¡¡have¡¡abundance¡£

¡¡¡¡Where¡¡is¡¡he¡¡who¡¡would¡¡have¡¡abundance¡¡for¡¡serving¡¡the¡¡world£¿

¡¡¡¡Indeed£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡man¡¡who¡¡acts¡¡but¡¡claims¡¡not£»¡¡merit¡¡he¡¡acquires¡¡but¡¡he¡¡does¡¡not¡¡dwell¡¡upon¡¡it£»¡¡and¡¡does¡¡he¡¡ever¡¡show¡¡any¡¡anxiety¡¡to¡¡display¡¡his¡¡excellence£¿

¡¡¡¡78

¡¡¡¡Trust¡¡in¡¡Faith

¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡world¡¡nothing¡¡is¡¡tenderer¡¡and¡¡more¡¡delicate¡¡than¡¡water¡£¡¡In¡¡attacking¡¡the¡¡hard¡¡and¡¡the¡¡strong¡¡nothing¡¡will¡¡surpass¡¡it¡£¡¡There¡¡is¡¡nothing¡¡that¡¡herein¡¡takes¡¡its¡¡place¡£

¡¡¡¡The¡¡weak¡¡conquer¡¡the¡¡strong£»¡¡the¡¡tender¡¡conquer¡¡the¡¡rigid¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡world¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡one¡¡who¡¡does¡¡not¡¡know¡¡it£»¡¡but¡¡no¡¡one¡¡will¡¡practise¡¡it¡£

¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡man¡¡says£º

¡¡¡¡¡¨Him¡¡who¡¡the¡¡country's¡¡sin¡¡makes¡¡his£»
¡¡¡¡We¡¡hail¡¡as¡¡priest¡¡at¡¡the¡¡great¡¡sacrifice¡£
¡¡¡¡Him¡¡who¡¡the¡¡curse¡¡bears¡¡of¡¡the¡¡country's¡¡failing¡£
¡¡¡¡As¡¡king¡¡of¡¡the¡¡empire¡¡we¡¡are¡¡hailing¡£¡¨

¡¡¡¡True¡¡words¡¡seem¡¡paradoxical¡£

¡¡¡¡79

¡¡¡¡Keep¡¡Your¡¡Obligations

¡¡¡¡When¡¡a¡¡great¡¡hatred¡¡is¡¡reconciled£»¡¡naturally¡¡some¡¡hatred¡¡will¡¡remain¡£¡¡How¡¡can¡¡this¡¡be¡¡made¡¡good£¿

¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡the¡¡sage¡¡keeps¡¡the¡¡obligations¡¡of¡¡his¡¡contract¡¡and¡¡exacts¡¡not¡¡from¡¡others¡£¡¡Those¡¡who¡¡have¡¡virtue¡¡attend¡¡to¡¡their¡¡obligations£»¡¡those¡¡who¡¡have¡¡no¡¡virtue¡¡attend¡¡to¡¡their¡¡claims¡£

¡¡¡¡Heaven's¡¡Reason¡¡shows¡¡no¡¡preference¡¡but¡¡always¡¡assists¡¡the¡¡good¡¡man¡£

¡¡¡¡80

¡¡¡¡Remaining¡¡in¡¡Isolation

¡¡¡¡In¡¡a¡¡small¡¡country¡¡with¡¡few¡¡people¡¡let¡¡there¡¡be¡¡aldermen¡¡and¡¡mayors¡¡who¡¡are¡¡possessed¡¡of¡¡power¡¡over¡¡men¡¡but¡¡would¡¡not¡¡use¡¡it¡£¡¡Induce¡¡people¡¡to¡¡grieve¡¡at¡¡death¡¡but¡¡do¡¡not¡¡cause¡¡them¡¡to¡¡move¡¡to¡¡a¡¡distance¡£¡¡Although¡¡they¡¡had¡¡ships¡¡and¡¡carriages£»¡¡they¡¡should¡¡find¡¡no¡¡occasion¡¡to¡¡ride¡¡in¡¡them¡£¡¡Although¡¡they¡¡had¡¡armours¡¡and¡¡weapons£»¡¡they¡¡should¡¡find¡¡no¡¡occasion¡¡to¡¡don¡¡them¡£

¡¡¡¡2¡¡Induce¡¡people¡¡to¡¡return¡¡to¡¡£§the¡¡old¡¡custom¡¡of£§¡¡knotted¡¡cords¡¡and¡¡to¡¡use¡¡them¡¡£§in¡¡the¡¡place¡¡of¡¡writing£§£»¡¡to¡¡delight¡¡in¡¡their¡¡food£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡proud¡¡of¡¡their¡¡clothes£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡content¡¡with¡¡their¡¡homes£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡rejoice¡¡in¡¡their¡¡customs£º¡¡then¡¡in¡¡a¡¡neighboring¡¡state¡¡within¡¡sight£»¡¡the¡¡voices¡¡of¡¡the¡¡cocks¡¡and¡¡dogs¡¡would¡¡be¡¡within¡¡hearing£»¡¡yet¡¡the¡¡people¡¡might¡¡grow¡¡old¡¡and¡¡die¡¡before¡¡they¡¡visited¡¡one¡¡another¡£

¡¡¡¡81

¡¡¡¡Propounding¡¡the¡¡Essential

¡¡¡¡True¡¡words¡¡are¡¡not¡¡pleasant£»¡¡pleasant¡¡words¡¡are¡¡not¡¡true¡£¡¡The¡¡good¡¡are¡¡not¡¡contentious£»¡¡the¡¡contentious¡¡are¡¡not¡¡good¡£¡¡The¡¡wise¡¡are¡¡not

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