04道德经英译本85种-第360节

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　　can　you　be　the　female　at　Heaven's　Gate
　　can　you　light　up　the　world　without　knowledge
　　beget　things　and　keep　them　but　beget　without　possessing　keep　without　controlling　this　is　Dark　Virtue

　　11

　　Thirty　spokes　converge　on　a　hub　but　it's　the　emptiness　that　makes　a　wheel　work
　　pots　are　fashioned　from　clay　but　it's　the　hollow　that　make　a　pot　work
　　windows　and　doors　are　carved　for　a　house　but　it's　the　spaces　that　make　a　house　work
　　existence　makes　something　useful　but　nonexistence　makes　it　work

　　12

　　The　five　colours　make　our　eyes　blind　the　five　tones　make　our　ears　deaf　the　five　flavours　make　our　mouths　numb
　　riding　and　hunting　make　our　minds　wild　hard…to…get　goods　make　us　break　laws
　　thus　the　rule　of　the　sage　puts　the　stomach　ahead　of　the　eyes　thus　he　picks　this　over　that

　　13

　　Favour　and　disgrace　are　like　warnings　honour　and　disaster　are　like　the　body
　　and　why　are　favour　and　disgrace　like　warnings　favour　means　descending　to　gain　it　is　like　a　warning　to　lose　it　is　like　a　warning　thus　are　favour　and　disgrace　like　warnings
　　and　why　are　honour　and　disaster　like　the　body　the　reason　we　have　disaster　is　because　we　have　a　body　if　we　didn't　have　a　body　we　wouldn't　have　disaster
　　who　honours　is　body　as　much　as　the　world　can　be　entrusted　with　the　world　who　loves　his　body　as　much　as　the　world　can　be　encharged　with　the　world

　　14

　　We　look　but　don't　see　it　and　call　it　indistinct　we　listen　but　don't　hear　it　and　call　it　faint　we　reach　but　don't　grasp　it　and　call　it　ethereal
　　three　failed　means　to　knowledge　I　weave　into　one
　　with　no　light　above　and　no　shade　below　too　fine　to　be　named　returning　to　nothing
　　this　is　the　formless　form　the　immaterial　image　this　is　the　waxing　waning　we　meet　without　seeing　its　face　we　follow　without　seeing　its　back
　　holding　onto　this　very　Way　we　rule　this　very　realm　and　discover　its　ancient　past　this　is　the　thread　of　the　Way

　　15

　　The　ancient　masters　of　the　Way　aimed　at　the　indiscernible　and　penetrated　the　dao
　　you　would　never　know　them　I　describe　them　with　reluctance　they　were　careful　as　if　crossing　a　river　in　winter　cautious　as　if　worried　about　neighbours　reserved　like　guests
　　ephemeral　like　melting　ice　simple　like　uncarved　wood　open　like　valleys　and　murky　like　puddles
　　but　a　puddle　becomes　clear　when　it's　still　and　stillness　becomes　alive　when　it's　roused
　　those　who　treasure　this　Way　don't　try　to　be　full　not　trying　to　be　full　they　can　hide　and　stay　hidden

　　16

　　Let　limits　be　empty　the　center　be　still
　　ten　thousand　things　rise　we　watch　them　return　creatures　without　number　all　return　to　their　roots
　　return　to　their　roots　to　be　still　to　be　still　to　revive　to　revive　to　endure　knowing　how　to　endure　is　wisdom　not　knowing　is　to　suffer　in　vain
　　knowing　how　to　endure　is　to　be　all…embracing　all　embracing　means　impartial　impartial　means　the　king　the　king　means　Heaven　Heaven　means　the　Way
　　and　the　Way　means　long　life　life　without　trouble。

　　17

　　During　the　High　Ages　people　knew　they　were　there　then　people　loved　and　praised　them　then　they　feared　them　finally　they　despised　them
　　when　honesty　fails　dishonesty　prevails
　　hesitate　and　guard　your　words　when　their　work　succeeds　let　people　think　they　did　it

　　18

　　When　the　Great　Way　disappears　we　meet　kindness　and　justice
　　when　reason　appears　we　meet　great　deceit
　　when　the　six　relations　fail　we　meet　obedience　and　love
　　when　the　country　is　in　chaos　we　meet　honest　officials

　　19

　　Get　rid　of　wisdom　and　reason　and　people　will　live　a　hundred　times　better
　　get　rid　of　kindness　and　justice　and　people　once　more　will　love　and　obey
　　get　rid　of　cleverness　and　profit　and　thieves　will　cease　to　exist
　　but　these　three　sayings　are　not　enough　hence　let　this　be　added
　　wear　the　undyed　and　hold　the　uncarved　reduce　self…interest　and　limit　desires　get　rid　of　learning　and　problems　will　vanish

　　20

　　Yes　and　no　aren't　so　far　apart　lovely　and　ugly　aren't　so　unalike
　　what　others　fear　we　too　must　fear
　　before　the　moon　wanes　everyone　is　gay　as　if　they　were　at　the　Great　Sacrifice　or　climbing　a　tower　in　spring　I　sit　here　and　make　no　sign　like　a　child　that　doesn't　smile　lost　with　no　one　to　turn　to
　　while　others　enjoy　more　I　alone　seem　forgotten　my　mind　is　so　foolish　so　simple
　　others　look　bright　I　alone　seem　dim　others　are　certain　I　alone　am　confused　receding　like　the　ocean　waxing　without　cease
　　everyone　has　a　goal　I　alone　am　dumb　and　backward　for　I　alone　choose　to　differ　preferring　still　my　mother's　breast

　　21

　　The　expression　of　empty　virtue　comes　from　the　Tao　alone
　　the　Tao　as　a　thing　waxes　and　wanes　it　waxes　and　wanes　but　inside　is　an　image　it　waxes　and　wanes　but　inside　is　a　creature　it's　distant　and　dark　but　inside　is　an　essence　an　essence　fundamentally　real　and　inside　is　a　heart
　　throughout　the　ages　its　name　has　never　changed　so　we　might　follow　our　fathers
　　how　do　we　know　what　our　fathers　were　like　through　this

　　22

　　Partial　means　whole　crooked　means　straight　hollow　means　full　worn…out　means　new　less　means　content　more　means　confused
　　thus　the　sage　holds　onto　the　one　to　use　in　guiding　the　world
　　not　watching　himself　he　appears　not　displaying　himself　he　flourishes　not　flattering　himself　he　succeeds　not　parading　himself　he　leads
　　because　he　doesn't　compete　no　one　can　compete　against　him
　　the　ancients　who　said　partial　means　whole　came　close　indeed　becoming　whole　depends　on　this

　　23

　　Whispered　words　are　natural　a　gale　doesn't　last　all　morning　a　squall　doesn't　last　all　day
　　who　else　could　make　these　only　Heaven　and　Earth　if　Heaven　and　Earth　can't　make　things　last　what　about　Man
　　thus　in　whatever　we　do　let　those　on　the　Way　be　one　with　the　Way　let　those　who　succeed　be　one　with　success　let　those　who　fail　be　one　with　failure
　　be　one　with　success　for　the　Way　succeeds　too　be　one　with　failure　for　the　Way　fails　too

　　24

　　Who　tiptoes　doesn't　stand　who　strides　doesn't　walk
　　who　watches　himself　doesn't　appear　who　displays　himself　doesn't　flourish
　　who　flatters　himself　achieves　nothing　who　parades　himself　doesn't　lead
　　on　the　road　they　say　too　much　food　and　a　tiring　pace　some　things　are　simply　bad　thus　the　Taoist　avoids　them

　　25

　　Imagine　a　nebulous　thing　here　before　Heaven　and　Earth　silent　and　elusive　it　stands　alone　not　wavering　it　travels　everywhere　unharmed　it　could　be　the　mother　of　us　all
　　not　knowing　its　name　I　call　it　the　Tao　forced　to　name　it　I　name　it　Great
　　great　means　ever…flowing　ever…flowing　means　far…reaching　far…reaching　means　returning
　　the　Tao　is　great　Heaven　is　great　Earth　is　great　the　king　is　also　great　the　realm　contains　four　greats　of　these　the　king　is　one
　　Man　imitates　Earth　Earth　imitates　Heaven　Heaven　imitates　the　Tao　the　Tao　imitates　itself

　　26

　　Heavy　is　the　root　of　light　still　is　the　master　of　busy
　　thus　a　lord　might　travel　all　day　but　never　far　from　his　supplies　even　in　a　guarded　camp　his　manner　is　calm　and　aloof
　　why　would　the　lord　of　ten　thousand　chariots　treat　himself　lighter　than　his　kingdom
　　too　light　he　loses　his　base　too　busy　he　loses　command

　　27

　　Good　walking　leaves　no　tracks　good　talking　reveals　no　flaws　good　counting　counts　no　beads
　　good　closing　locks　no　locks　and　yet　it　can't　be　opened　good　tying　ties　no　knots　and　yet　it　can't　be　undone
　　thus　the　sage　is　good　at　saving　and　yet　abandons　no　one　nor　anything　of　use　this　is　called　cloaking　the　light
　　thus　the　good　instruct　the　bad　the　bad　learn　from　the　good
　　not　honouring　their　teachers　not　cherishing　their　students　the　wise　alone　are　perfectly　blind　this　is　called　peering　into　the　distance

　　28

　　Recognize　the　male　but　hold　onto　the　female　and　be　the　world's　maid　being　the　world's　maid　don't　lose　your　ancient　virtue　not　losing　your　ancient　virtue　be　a　newborn　child　again
　　recognize　the　pure　but　hold　onto　the　defiled　and　be　the　world's　valley　being　the　world's　valley　be　filled　with　ancient　virtue　being　filled　with　ancient　virtue　be　uncarved　wood　again
　　recognize　the　white　but　hold　onto　the　black　and　be　the　world's　guide　being　the　world's　guide　don't　stray　from　the　ancient　virtue　not　straying　from　ancient　virtue　be　without　limits　again
　　uncarved　wood　can　be　split　to　make　tools　the　sage　makes　it　his　chief　official　a　master　tailor　doesn't　cut

　　29

　　Trying　to　govern　the　world　with　force　I　see　this　not　succeeding
　　the　world　is　a　spiritual　thing　it　can't　be　forced　to　force　it　is　to　harm　it　to　control　it　is　to　lose　it
　　sometimes　things　lead　sometimes　they　follow　sometimes　blow　hot　sometimes　blow　cold　sometimes　expand　sometimes　collapse
　　therefore　the　sage　avoids　extremes　avoids　extravagance　avoids　excess

　　30

　　Use　the　Tao　to　help　your　king　don't　use　weapons　to　rule　the　land　such　things　soon　return
　　where　armies　camp　brambles　grow
　　best　to　win　then　stop　don't　make　use　of　force
　　win　but　don't　be　proud　win　but　don't　be　vain　win　but　don't　be　cruel　win　when　you　have　no　choice　this　is　to　win　without　force
　　virility　means　old　age　this　isn't　the　Tao　what　isn't　the　Tao　ends　early