04道德经英译本85种-第318节
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is to lead the country to prosperity。
Knowing the two alternatives is a pattern。
Remaining aware of the pattern is a virtue。
This dark and mysterious virtue is profound。
It is opposite our natural inclination；
but leads to harmony with the heavens。
66
Rivers and seas are rulers
of the streams of hundreds of valleys
because of the power of their low position。
If you want to be the ruler of people；
you must speak to them like you are their servant。
If you want to lead other people；
you must put their interest ahead of your own。
The people will not feel burdened；
if a wise person is in a position of power。
The people will not feel like they are being manipulated；
if a wise person is in front as their leader。
The whole world will ask for her guidance；
and will never get tired of her。
Because she does not like to compete；
no one can compete with the things she accomplishes。
67
The world talks about honoring the Tao；
but you can't tell it from their actions。
Because it is thought of as great；
the world makes light of it。
It seems too easy for anyone to use。
There are three jewels that I cherish：
compassion； moderation； and humility。
With compassion； you will be able to be brave；
With moderation； you will be able to give to others；
With humility； you will be able to become a great leader。
To abandon compassion while seeking to be brave；
or abandoning moderation while being benevolent；
or abandoning humility while seeking to lead
will only lead to greater trouble。
The compassionate warrior will be the winner；
and if compassion is your defense you will be secure。
Compassion is the protector of Heavens salvation。
68
The best warriors
do not use violence。
The best generals
do not destroy indiscriminately。
The best tacticians
try to avoid confrontation。
The best leaders
becomes servants of their people。
This is called the virtue of non…competition。
This is called the power to manage others。
This is called attaining harmony with the heavens。
69
There is an old saying：
〃It is better to become the passive
in order to see what will happen。
It is better to retreat a foot
than to advance only an inch。〃
This is called
being flexible while advancing；
pushing back without using force；
and destroying the enemy without engaging him。
There is no greater disaster
than underestimating your enemy。
Underestimating your enemy
means losing your greatest assets。
When equal forces meet in battle；
victory will go to the one
that enters with the greatest sorrow。
70
My words are easy to understand
and easier to put into practice。
Yet no one in the world seems to understand them；
and are not able to apply what I teach。
My teachings come from the ancients；
the things I do are done for a reason。
Because you do not know me；
you are not able to understand my teachings。
Because those who know me are few；
my teachings become even more precious。
71
Knowing you don't know is wholeness。
Thinking you know is a disease。
Only by recognizing that you have an illness
can you move to seek a cure。
The Master is whole because
she sees her illnesses and treats them；
and thus is able to remain whole。
72
When people become overly bold；
then disaster will soon arrive。
Do not meddle with people's livelihood；
by respecting them they will in turn respect you。
Therefore； the Master knows herself but is not arrogant。
She loves herself but also loves others。
This is how she is able to make appropriate choices。
73
Being overbold and confidant is deadly。
The wise use of caution will keep you alive。
One is the way to death；
and the other is the way to preserve your life。
Who can understand the workings of Heaven？
The Tao of the universe
does not compete； yet wins；
does not speak； yet responds；
does not command； yet is obeyed；
and does act； but is good at directing。
The nets of Heaven are wide；
but nothing escapes its grasp。
74
If you do not fear death；
then how can it intimidate you？
If you aren't afraid of dying；
there is nothing you can not do。
Those who harm others
are like inexperienced boys
trying to take the place of a great lumberjack。 Trying to fill hisshoes will only get them seriously hurt。
75
When people go hungry；
the government's taxes are too high。
When people become rebellious；
the government has become too intrusive。
When people begin to view death lightly；
wealthy people have too much
which causes others to starve。
Only those who do not cling to their life can save it。
76
The living are soft and yielding；
the dead are rigid and stiff。
Living plants are flexible and tender；
the dead are brittle and dry。
Those who are stiff and rigid
are the disciples of death。
Those who are soft and yielding
are the disciples of life。
The rigid and stiff will be broken。
The soft and yielding will overcome。
77
The Tao of Heaven works in the world
like the drawing of a bow。
The top is bent downward；
the bottom is bent up。
The excess is taken from；
and the deficient is given to。
The Tao works to use the excess；
and gives to that which is depleted。
The way of people is to take from the depleted；
and give to those who already have an excess。
Who is able to give to the needy from their excess？
Only someone who is following the way of the Tao。
This is why the Master gives
expecting nothing in return。
She does not dwell on her past accomplishments；
and does not glory in any praise。
78
Water is the softest and most yielding substance。
Yet nothing is better than water；
for overcoming the hard and rigid；
because nothing can compete with it。
Everyone knows that the soft and yielding
overcomes the rigid and hard；
but few can put this knowledge into practice。
Therefore the Master says：
〃Only he who is the lowest servant of the kingdom；
is worthy to become its ruler。
He who is willing to tackle the most unpleasant tasks；
is the best ruler in the world。〃
True sayings seem contradictory。
79
Difficulties remain； even after solving a problem。
How then can we consider that as good？
Therefore the Master
does what she knows is right；
and makes no demands of others。
A virtuous person will do the right thing；
and persons with no virtue will take advantage of others。
The Tao does not choose sides；
the good person receives from the Tao
because she is on its side。
80
Small countries with few people are best。
Give them all of the things they want；
and they will see that they do not need them。
Teach them that death is a serious thing；
and to be content to never leave their homes。
Even though they have plenty
of horses； wagons and boats；
they won't feel that they need to use them。
Even if they have weapons and shields；
they will keep them out of sight。
Let people enjoy the simple technologies；
let them enjoy their food；
let them make their own clothes；
let them be content with their own homes；
and delight in the customs that they cherish。
Although the next country is close enough
that they can hear their roosters crowing and dogs barking；
they are content never to visit each other
all of the days of their life。
81
True words do not sound beautiful；
beautiful sounding words are not true。
Wise men don't need to debate；
men who need to debate are not wise。
Wise men are not scholars；
and scholars are not wise。
The Master desires no possessions。
Since the things she does is for the people；
she has more than she needs。
The more she gives to others；
the more she has for herself。
The Tao of Heaven nourishes by not forcing。
The Tao of the Wise person acts by not competing。
English_Mears_TTK
Das Tao Te King von Lao Tse
English by
Isabella Mears； 1916
1
Tao that can be expressed is not Everlasting Tao。
The name that can be named is not the Everlasting Name。
The Name； in its inner aspect； is Life…Spring of Heaven and Earth。
The Name； in its outer aspect； is Mother of all created things。
Therefore：
To perceive the mystery of Life； desire always to reach the innermost。
To perceive the limitations of things； desire always to posses them。
These two aspects of Life are One。
In their out…come they become different in Name but in their depth they are One。
In a depth； still deeper yet； is
