04道德经英译本85种-第314节
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Can you love people and lead them
without forcing your will on them？
When Heaven gives and takes away
can you be content with the outcome？
When you understand all things
can you step back from your own understanding？
Giving birth and nourishing；
making without possessing；
expecting nothing in return。
To grow； yet not to control：
This is the mysterious virtue。
11
Thirty spokes are joined together in a wheel；
but it is the center hole
that allows the wheel to function。
We mold clay into a pot；
but it is the emptiness inside
that makes the vessel useful。
We fashion wood for a house；
but it is the emptiness inside
that makes it livable。
We work with the substantial；
but the emptiness is what we use。
12
Five colors blind the eye。
Five notes deafen the ear。
Five flavors make the palate go stale。
Too much activity deranges the mind。
Too much wealth causes crime。
The Master acts on what she feels and not what she sees。
She shuns the latter； and prefers to seek the former。
13
Success is as dangerous as failure；
and we are often our own worst enemy。
What does it mean that success is as dangerous as failure？
He who is superior is also someone's subordinate。
Receiving favor and losing it both cause alarm。
That is what is meant by success is as dangerous as failure。
What does it mean that we are often our own worst enemy？
The reason I have an enemy is because I have 〃self〃。
If I no longer had a 〃self〃； I would no longer have an enemy。
Love the whole world as if it were your self；
then you will truly care for all things。
14
Look for it； and it can't be seen。
Listen for it； and it can't be heard。
Grasp for it； and it can't be caught。
These three cannot be further described；
so we treat them as The One。
Its highest is not bright。
Its depths are not dark。
Unending； unnamable； it returns to nothingness。
Formless forms； and imageless images；
subtle； beyond all understanding。
Approach it and you will not see a beginning；
follow it and there will be no end。
When we grasp the Tao of the ancient ones；
we can use it to direct our life today。
To know the ancient origin of Tao：
this is the beginning of wisdom。
15
The Sages of old were profound
and knew the ways of subtlety and discernment。
Their wisdom is beyond our comprehension。
Because their knowledge was so far superior
I can only give a poor description。
They were careful
as someone crossing an frozen stream in winter。
Alert as if surrounded on all sides by the enemy。
Courteous as a guest。
Fluid as melting ice。
Whole as an uncarved block of wood。
Receptive as a valley。
Turbid as muddied water。
Who can be still
until their mud settles
and the water is cleared by itself？
Can you remain tranquil until right action occurs by itself？
The Master doesn't seek fulfillment。
For only those who are not full are able to be used
which brings the feeling of completeness。
16
If you can empty your mind of all thoughts
your heart will embrace the tranquility of peace。
Watch the workings of all of creation；
but contemplate their return to the source。
All creatures in the universe
return to the point where they began。
Returning to the source is tranquility
because we submit to Heavens mandate。
Returning to Heavens mandate is called being constant。
Knowing the constant is called 'enlightenment'。
Not knowing the constant is the source of evil deeds
because we have no roots。
By knowing the constant we can accept things as they are。
By accepting things as they are； we become impartial。
By being impartial； we become one with Heaven。
By being one with Heaven； we become one with Tao。
Being one with Tao； we are no longer concerned about
losing our life because we know the Tao is constant
and we are one with Tao。
17
The best leaders are those the people hardly know exist。
The next best is a leader who is loved and praised。
Next comes the one who is feared。
The worst one is the leader that is despised。
If you don't trust the people；
they will become untrustworthy。
The best leaders value their words； and use them sparingly。
When she has accomplished her task；
the people say； 〃Amazing：
we did it； all by ourselves！〃
18
When the great Tao is abandoned；
charity and righteousness appear。
When intellectualism arises；
hypocrisy is close behind。
When there is strife in the family unit；
people talk about 'brotherly love'。
When the country falls into chaos；
politicians talk about 'patriotism'。
19
Forget about knowledge and wisdom；
and people will be a hundred times better off。
Throw away charity and righteousness；
and people will return to brotherly love。
Throw away profit and greed；
and there won't be any thieves。
These three are superficial and aren't enough
to keep us at the center of the circle； so we must also：
Embrace simplicity。
Put others first。
Desire little。
20
Renounce knowledge and your problems will end。
What is the difference between yes and no？
What is the difference between good and evil？
Must you fear what others fear？
Nonsense； look how far you have missed the mark！
Other people are joyous；
as though they were at a spring festival。
I alone am unconcerned and expressionless；
like an infant before it has learned to smile。
Other people have more than they need；
I alone seem to possess nothing。
I am lost and drift about with no place to go。
I am like a fool； my mind is in chaos。
Ordinary people are bright；
I alone am dark。
Ordinary people are clever；
I alone am dull。
Ordinary people seem discriminating；
I alone am muddled and confused。
I drift on the waves on the ocean；
blown at the mercy of the wind。
Other people have their goals；
I alone am dull and uncouth。
I am different from ordinary people。
I nurse from the Great Mother's breasts。
21
The greatest virtue you can have
comes from following only the Tao；
which takes a form that is intangible and evasive。
Even though the Tao is intangible and evasive；
we are able to know it exists。
Intangible and evasive； yet it has a manifestation。
Secluded and dark； yet there is a vitality within it。
Its vitality is very genuine。
Within it we can find order。
Since the beginning of time； the Tao has always existed。
It is beyond existing and not existing。
How do I know where creation comes from？
I look inside myself and see it。
22
If you want to become whole；
first let yourself become broken。
If you want to become straight；
first let yourself become twisted。
If you want to become full；
first let yourself become empty。
If you want to become new；
first let yourself become old。
Those whose desires are few get them；
those whose desires are great go astray。
For this reason the Master embraces the Tao；
as an example for the world to follow。
Because she isn't self centered；
people can see the light in her。
Because she does not boast of herself；
she becomes a shining example。
Because she does not glorify herself；
she becomes a person of merit。
Because she wants nothing from the world；
the world can not overcome her。
When the ancient Masters said；
〃If you want to become whole；
then first let yourself be broken；〃
they weren't using empty words。
All who do this will be made complete。
23
Nature uses few words：
when the gale blows； it will not last long；
when it rains hard； it lasts but a little while；
What causes these to happen？ Heaven and Earth。
Why do we humans go on endlessly about little
when nature does much in a little time？
If you open yourself to the Tao；
you and Tao become one。
If you open yourself to Virtue；
then you can become virtuous。
If you open yourself to loss；
then you will become lost。
If you open yourself to the Tao；
the Tao will eagerly welcome you。
If you open yourself to virtue；
virtue will become a part of you。
If you open yourself to loss；
the lost are glad to see you。
〃When you do not trust people；
people will become untrustworthy。〃
24
Those who stand on tiptoes
do not stand firmly。
Those who rush ahead
don't get very far。
Those who try to outshine others
dim their own light。
Those who call themselves righteous
can't know how wrong they are。
Those who boast of their accomplishments
diminish the things they have done。
Compared to the Tao
