04道德经英译本85种-第302节

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ion　and　Teh　flourishes；　accept　Tao　in　the　world　and　Teh　is　universal。

　　Therefore　one　can　measure　by　Teh：　by　your　Teh　gauge　the　family；　by　the　family抯　Teh　gauge　the　village；　by　the　village抯　Teh　gauge　the　nation；　by　the　nation抯　Teh　gauge　the　world。　How　do　I　know　this　is　so？　By　seeing　it　so！

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　　Whoever　has　Teh　is　like　a　child；　poisonous　insects　will　not　bite；　wild　animals　will　not　attack；　predatory　birds　will　not　strike。

　　Bones　soft　and　muscles　weak　but　gripping　strongly；　unconcerned　about　sexual　relations　yet　with　vigor　at　its　peak；　crying　out　all　day　long　but　not　hoarse。　This　involves　perfect　harmony。　Knowing　harmony　is　to　approach　the　eternal。　Knowing　the　eternal　is　to　be　enlightened。

　　To　become　excitable　leads　to　confusion；　to　freely　vent　emotions　is　to　be　aggressive。　Things　reach　their　prime　and　then　decline。　To　be　impatient　is　to　oppose　Tao；　whatever　opposes　Tao　dies　young。

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　　Whoever　knows　does　not　speak；　whoever　speaks　does　not　know。　So；　stop　the　senses。　Close　their　doors。　Ignore　their　riddles。　Subdue　their　light。　Be　one　with　humble　dust。　This　is　the　mystic　unity。

　　It　is　beyond　love　and　hate；　beyond　profit　and　loss；　beyond　honor　and　dishonor。　Thus；　it　is　the　most　valuable　treasure　in　all　the　world。

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　　Be　Lawful；　Not　Full　of　Laws

　　Rule　by　what　is　right。　Wage　war　by　clever　strategy。　Win　the　world　by　being　passive。　How　do　I　know？　By　this：　more　restritions　mean　weaker　people；　more　weapons　mean　a　troubled　state；　more　cunning　means　many　surprises；　more　laws　mean　violators。　Therefore　be　passive　and　the　people　will　be　peaceful；　be　serene　and　the　people　will　be　pricipled；　be　reserved　and　the　people　will　be　wealthy；　be　selfless　and　the　people　will　be　simple　and　serene。

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　　To　Govern　Be　Gentle

　　Govern　passively；　the　people　are　happy。　Govern　precisely；　the　people　are　restless。　Happiness　arises　from　unhappiness；　unhappiness　lies　beneath　happiness。　Who　knows　what　is　best？　When　the　state　is　self？righteous；　self？righteousness　becomes　strategy　and　good　becomes　evil。　Man　has　long　been　misguided。　The　truly　wise　are：　square　（sharp…cornered）　but　nut　cutting；　angled　（wedge…like）　but　not　interfering；　straight　（pointed）　but　not　domineering；　bright　（enlightened）　but　not　binding。

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　　With　Tao　You　Are　Supreme

　　In　ruling　men　be　reserved。　To　be　reserved　is　to　conform　to　Tao；　to　conform　to　Tao　is　to　achieve　Teh；　with　Teh　anything　is　possible；　because　anything　is　possible；　no　one　knows　your　supremacy；　because　no　one　knows　your　supremacy；　a　nation　can　be　ruled　well；　because　this　is　a　Mother　Principle　it　long　endures；　therefore　you　are　as　deeply　rooted　and　as　immortal　as　it　is。

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　　Do　But　Never　Overdo

　　Rule　a　great　state　as　you　cook　a　small　fish：　do　not　overdo　it！

　　Rule　with　Tao　and　evil　departs。　Evil　will　still　have　power；　but　it　will　not　harm　the　people。　Then　not　only　does　evil　cease　to　do　harm；　the　ruler　also　ceases　to　do　harm；　and　therefore　both　possess　Teh。

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　　The　Tao　of　Statecraft

　　A　great　nation　is　one　to　which　the　streams　descend。　It　is　the　meeting　place；　the　female　of　the　world。　Quiet；　passive；　overcoming　the　male　ba　humble　submission。

　　A　great　nation　lowers　itself　to　the　smaller　and　thus　wins　the　smaller　nation；　a　smaller　nation　lowers　itself　beneath　the　greater　and　thus　wins　the　greater　nation。　So；　some　lower　themselves　to　win　others；　some　are　already　low；　and　therefore　win　others。

　　A　great　nation　wants　more　people；　a　small　nation　wants　more　room。　When　both　are　dedicated　to　these　ends；　the　greater　nation　should　humbly　yield。

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　　Tao　is　at　the　source　of　everything：　treasure　for　the　good；　refuge　for　the　bad。　Fine　words　can　be　sold；　fine　deeds　can　be　but　a　show。　Why；　then；　refuge　the　bad？

　　Therefore；　at　the　crowning　of　the　emperor　or　at　the　appointment　of　the　three　ministers；　rather　than　present　gifts　of　jade　and　hourses；　present　the　gift　of　Tao。

　　Why　did　the　ancients　value　Tao　so？　Did　they　not　say　the　seeker　shall　find　it；　the　sinner　shall　find　it　and　be　forgiven？　So　is　it　the　treasure　of　the　world。

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　　Achieve　serenity。　Work　passively。　Taste　the　flavorless。　Large　or　small；　many　or　few；　exchange　love　for　hatred。

　　Undertake　the　difficult　while　it　is　still　simple；　undertake　the　great　while　it　is　still　minor。　The　problems　in　the　world　must　be　solved　while　they　are　easy；　the　great　while　they　are　minor。　The　truly　wise　find　greatness　by　undertaking　nothing　great。

　　A　promise　lightly　made　is　often　difficult　to　keep。　Whoever　makes　light　of　things　encounters　many　problems。　The　truly　wise　know　that　things　are　difficult　and　therefore　meet　with　no　difficulties。

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　　What　is　not　moving　is　easily　held。　What　has　not　happened　is　easily　planned。　What　is　brittle　is　easily　broken。　What　is　tiny　is　easily　dispersed。　Deal　with　a　problem　before　it　arises；　exercise　control　before　confusion　exists。

　　A　tree　with　an　arm…girth　of　trunk　grows　from　a　tiny　spout；　a　nine…stoied　terrace　arises　from　a　heap　of　dirt；　a　thousand…mile　journey　begins　with　the　first　step。

　　Action　spoils；　reaching　loses。　The　truly　wise　are　not　active。　Thus　they　do　not　spoil　things。　Do　not　reach　so　do　not　lose。　Things　are　often　spoiled　very　close　to　completion。
　　Be　as　careful　at　completion　as　you　were　at　the　beginning。

　　Thus　the　truly　wise　want　the　unwanted　and　do　not　prize　what　is　rare。　Study　what　is　unstudied　and　preserve　what　is　lost。　Assist　in　the　course　of　nature　but　never　interfere　in　it。

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　　Simplicity　an　Ancient　Standard

　　The　ancient　followers　of　Tao　did　not　use　it　to　increase　knowledge；　but　rather　to　preserve　simplicity。　People　are　difficult　to　govern　when　there　is　too　much　knowledge。　Whoever　rules　a　country　by　furthering　knowledge　is　that　nation抯　curse。　Whoever　rules　a　country　by　furthering　simplicity　is　that　nation抯　blessing。　To　know　these　two　principles　is　to　know　the　ancient　standard。　To　know　the　ancient　standard　is　to　possess　Teh　of　a　certainty。　Teh　is　deep　and　vast　as　infinity。　It　returns　us　to　primal　peace。

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　　To　Lead　Appear　to　Follow

　　Why　do　rivers　and　seas　have　dominion　over　lowlands？　Because　the　one　lowers　itself　to　the　other。　To　be　elevated　by　the　people；　speak　like　their　inferior。　To　lead　the　people；　walk　behind　them。　Thus　the　truly　wise　are　above；　but　people　do　not　feel　their　weight。　They　walk　in　front；　but　people　do　not　feel　blocked。　The　whole　world　respects　and　never　grows　tired　of　such　leadership。　Because　the　truly　wise　are　not　aggressive；　no　one　is　aggressive　toward　them。

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　　The　world　says：　擳ao　is　great　but　seems　so　foolish！？It　seems　foolish　because　it　is　great。　If　it　did　not　seem　so　foolish　it　would　have　long　since　lost　its　value。

　　I　have　three　treasures。　Guard　them　and　keep　them　safe！　The　first　is　love　without　which　nothing　is　possible。　The　second　is　moderation　which　is　to　know　the　Mystic　Balance。　The　third　is　humility；　to　know　that　you　have　come　from　nothing　and　that　you　return　to　nothing。　Without　these　there　is　no　hope。

　　Love　conquers　all。　There　is　no　defense　against　it。　Tao　arms　with　love　those　it　would　protect。

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　　Victory　in　Tao

　　The　most　skilled　soldier　is　not　aggressive；　the　most　proficient　fighter　never　loses　control；　the　most　victorious　commander　does　not　bicker；　the　most　efficient　leader　is　humble　before　all。　This　is　the　virtue　of　serenity。　This　is　the　mastery　of　life。　This　is　matching　Teh　to　Tao。

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　　Tao　Strategy

　　Ancient　military　strategists　said：　擨　would　rather　be　invaded　than　be　the　invader；　I　would　rather　retreat　one　foot　than　advance　one　inch。？br》　
　　This　means　not　marching　in　formation；　not　appering　prepared；　with　sleeves　up；　not　charging　in　frontal　assault；　not　arming　with　elaborate　weapons。

　　There　is　no　more　fateful　catastrophe　than　to　understimate　the　enemy。　To　underestimate　the　enemy　is　to　run　the　risk　of　losing　treasures。　Thus；　when　evenly　matched　armies　battle；　the　passive；　recessive　one　is　the　victor。

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　　My　teachings　are　easily　understood　and　are　readily　put　into　practice　yet　everyone　does　not　understand　them；　everyone　does　not　practice　them。

　　Words　have　specific　meanings；　actions　have　specific　causes。　Not　being　specific；　people　do　not　understand　me。　Being　misunderstood；　I　understand。　Understanding；　true　knowledge　is　mine。　In　this　way；　the　truly　wise　wear　common　clothes　and　carry　their　jewels　in　their　hearts。

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　　On　Intelligence

　　To　know　what　you　do　not　know　is　best。　He　who　thinks　he　knows　what　he　does　not　know　is　sick　in　mind。

　　One　who　sees　this　for　what　it　is　is　not　sick　in　mind。

　　The　followers　of　Tao　are　not　sick　in　mind　because　they　know　this。

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　　Lead　Humbly　But　Surely

　　When　the　people　do　not　fear　absolute　rule；　greater　fear　will　yet　descend　on　them。

　　Do　not　give　them　cramped　quarters；　do　not　make　sacrifice　of　their　children。　If　you　do　not　dislike　them　you　will　not　be　disliked　yourself。　The　truly　wise　know　themselves　but　do　not　flaunt　themselves。　The　truly　wise　love　themselves　but　do　not　take　pride　in　themselves。　Therefore；　they　reject　the　one　and　accept　the　other。

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　　One　of　courage；　with　audacity；　will　kill。