04道德经英译本85种-第2节
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23
Spare words; nature's way。 Violent winds do not blow all morning。 Sudden rain cannot pour all day。
What causes these things? Heaven and Earth。 If Heaven and Earth do not blow and pour for long; How much less should humans?
Therefore in following Tao: Those on the way become the way; Those who gain become the gain; Those who lose become the loss。
All within the Tao: The wayfarer; welcome upon the way; Those who gain; welcome within gain; Those who lose; welcome withon loss。
Without trust in this; There is no trust at all。
24
Upon tiptoe: no way to stand。 Clambering: no way to walk。
Self…display: no way to shine。 Self…assertion: no way to succeed。
Self…praise: no way to flourish。 Complacency: no way to endure。
According to Tao; Excessive food; Extraneous activity Inspire disgust。 Therefore the follower of Tao Moves on。
25
Something unformed and complete Before heaven and Earth were born; Solitary and silent; Stands alone and unchanging。 Pervading all things without limit。 It is like the mother of all things under heaven;
But I don't know its name … Better call it Tao。 Better call it great。
Great means passing on。 Passing on means going far。 Going far means returning。
Therefore Tao is great; And heaven; And earth; And humans。 Four great things in the world。 Aren't humans one of them?
Humans follow earth Earth follows heaven Heaven follows Tao。 Tao follows its own nature。
26
Gravity is the root of lightness; Stillness the master of passion。
The Sage travels all day But does not leave the baggage…cart; When surrounded by magnificent scenery Remains calm and still。
When a lord of ten thousand chariots Behaves lightly in this world;
Lightness loses its root; Passion loses its master。
27
Good travelers leave no tracks。 Good words leave no trace。 Good counting needs no markers。
Good doors have no bolts Yet cannot be forced。 Good knots have no rope But cannot be untied。
In this way the Sage Always helps people And rejects none; Always helps all beings; And rejects none。 This is called practicing brightness。
Therefore the good person is the bad person's teachers; And the bad person Is the good person's resource。
Not to value the teacher; Not to love the resource; Causes great confusion even for the intelligent。 This is called the vital secret。
28
Know the male; maintain the female; Become the channel of the world; And Te will endure。 Return to infancy。
Know the white; sustain the black; Become the pattern of the world; And Te will not falter。 Return to the uncarved block。
Know honour; sustain disgrace; Become the valley of the world; And Te will prevail。 Return to simplicity。
Simplicity divided becomes utensils That are used by the Sage as high official。 But great governing does not carve up。
29
Trying to control the world? I see you won't succeed。
The world is a spiritual vessel And cannot be controlled。 Those who control; fail。 Those who grasp; lose。
Some go forth; some are led; Some weep; some blow flutes; Some become strong; some superfluous; Some oppress; some are destroyed。
Therefore the Sage Casts off extremes; Casts off excess; Casts off Extravagance。
30
Use Tao to help rule people。 This world has no need for weapons; Which soon turn on themselves。
Where armies camp; nettles grow。 After each war; years of famine。
The most fruitful outcome Does not depend on force;
But succeeds without arrogance Without hostility Without Pride Without resistance Without violence。
If these things prosper and grow old; This is called not…Tao。 Not…Tao soon ends。
31
Fine weapons are ill…omened tools。 They are hated。 Therefore the old Tao ignores them。
At home; honour the left。 In war; honor the right。
Good omens honour the left。 Bad omens honour the right。 The lieutenant on the left; The general on the right As in funeral ceremonies。
Weapons are ill…omened; Not proper instruments。 When their use can't be avoided; Calm restraint is best。 Don't think they are beautiful。 Those who think they are beautiful Rejoice in killing people。
Those who rejoice in killing people Cannot achieve their purpose in this world。
When many people are killed We feel sorrow and grief。 A great victory Is a funeral ceremony。
32
Tao endures without a name。 Though simple and slight; No one under heaven can master it。
If kings and lords could posses it; All beings would become their guests。
Heaven and earth together Would drip sweet dew Equally on all people Without regulation。
Begin to make order and names arise。 Names lead to more names … And to knowing when to stop。
Tao's presence in this world Is like valley streams Flowing into rivers and seas。
33
Knowing others is intelligent。 Knowing yourself is enlightened。
Conquering others takes force。 Conquering yourself is true strength。
Knowing what is enough is wealth。 Forging ahead shows inner resolve。
Hold your ground and you will last long。 Die without perishing and your life will endure。
34
Great Tao overflows。 To the left To the right。
All beings owe their life to it And do not depart from it。 It acts without a name。 It clothes and nourishes all beings But does not become their master。
Enduring without desires; It may be called slight。
All beings return to it; But it does not become their master。 It may be called immense。
By not making itself great; It can do great things。
35
Hold the great elephant … The great image … And the world moves。 Moves without danger in safety and peace。
Music and sweets Make passing guests pause。
But the Tao emerges Flavourless and bland。 Look … you won't see it。 Listen … You won't hear it。 Use it … You will never use it up。
36
To collect; first scatter。 To Weaken; first strengthen。 To abolish; first establish。 To conclude; first initiate。
This is called subtle illumination。 Soft and weak overcome stiff and strong。
Fish cannot escape the deep pool。 A country's sharpest weapons Cannot be displayed。
37
Tao endures without a name; Yet nothing is left undone。
If kings and lords could possess it; All beings would transform themselves。 Transformed; they desire to create; I quiet them through nameless simplicity。 Then there is no desire。
No desire is serenity; An the world settles of itself。
38
High Te? No Te! That's what Te is。 Low Te doesn't lack Te; That's what Te is not。
Those highest in Te take no action And don't need to act。 Tose lowest in Te take action And do need to act。
Those highest in benevolence take action But don't need to act。 Those highest in righteousness take action And do need to act。 Those highest in propriety take action And if people don't reciprocate Roll up their sleeves and throw them out。
Therefore Lose Tao And Te follows。 Lose Te and benevolence follows。 Lose benevolence And righteousness follows。 Lose righteousness and propriety follows。
Propriety dilutes loyalty and sincerity: Confusion begins。 Foreknowledge glorifies the Tao: Stupidity sets in。
And so the ideal person dwells In substance; not dilution; In reality; not glory; Accepts one; rejects the other。
39
Of old; these attained the One: Heaven attaining the One Became clear。 Earth attaining the One Became stable。 Spirits attaining the One Became sacred。
Valleys attaining the One Became bountiful。 Myriad beings attaining the One Became fertile。 Lords and kings attaining the One Purified the world。
If Heaven were not clear It might split。 If Earth were not stable It might erupt。 If spirits were not sacred They might fade。
If valleys were not bountiful They might wither。 If myriad beings were not fertile; They might perish。 If rulers and lords were not noble; They might stumble。
Therefore; Noble has humble as its root; High has low as its foundation。
Rulers and lords call themselves Poor and lonely orphans。 Isn't this using humility as a root?
They use many carriages But have no carriage;。
They do not desire to glisten like jade But drop like a stone。
40
Reversal is Tao's movement。 Yielding is Tao's practice。
All things originate from being。 Being originates from non…being。
41
The great scholar hearing the Tao Tries to practice it。 The middling scholar hearing the Tao; Sometimes has it; sometimes not。
The lesser scholar hearing the Tao Has a good laugh。 Without that laughter It wouldn't be Tao。
Therefore these sayings: The bright road seems dark; The road forward sees to retreat; The level road seems rough。
Great Te seems hollow。 Great purity seems sullied。 Pervasive Te sees deficient。 Established Te seems furtive。 Simple truths seem to change。 The great square has no corners。 The great vessel is finished late。 The great sound is scarcely voiced。 The great image has no form。
Tao hides; no name。 Yet Tao alone gets things done。
42
Tao engenders One; One engenders Two; Two engenders Three; Three engenders the ten thousand things。