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第181节

04道德经英译本85种-第181节

小说: 04道德经英译本85种 字数: 每页4000字

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  By This
  There are more taboos & restrictions in the world
  But the people grow more impoverished
  The people have more productive implements
  (But) countries & clans grow more disturbed
  (As) others get more clever & artful
  Bizarre things happen more often
  The more that matters of law are proclaimed
  The more robbers & looters there will be
  And so the wise ones will claim:
  We do nothing
  And humanity evolves on its own
  We favor stillness
  And humanity governs itself
  We do not make an effort
  And humanity enriches itself
  We have no ambition
  And humanity simplifies itself

  58

  (Where) their government is muted & dull
  Its people are honest & sincere
  (Where) their government is efficient & exacting
  Its people are partial & wanting
  Ah; suffering! That happiness has such things to rely on!
  Ah; happiness! That suffering has such places to lurk!
  Who comprehends their outcomes?
  Are there no rules?
  The rules go back to behaving strangely
  The good return to acting ominously
  Humankind has held its delusions
  For such an entrenched length of days
  This is why wise ones
  Are direct but not divisive
  Exacting but not hurtful
  To the point but not tactless
  Bright but not dazzling

  59

  (In) governing people (or) serving heaven
  There is nothing quite like economy
  Only one who is thrifty
  May be deemed ahead of the task
  To be ahead of the task suggests there is
  a great reserve of character
  Given a great reserve of character
  then nothing is impossible
  When nothing is impossible
  then nobody knows things to be limited
  Nobody knowing things to be limited
  is fit to claim the realm
  (Now) claiming the realm抯 mother
  is fitness to endure a long time
  This describes deep roots & solid foundations
  The path of long life & enduring vision

  60

  Ruling a great country is like cooking a little fish
  This is how the way manages (all) under heaven
  (Whether) the ghosts lack spirit
  Or the ghosts do not lack spirit
  (Whether) the spirits avoid harming people
  Or the spirits do not avoid harming people
  Wise ones still avoid harming people
  Now as neither of these haunts the other
  So virtue interacts & comes back home to them

  61

  The great realm is the one which flows beneath
  A confluence to (all) under heaven
  A woman to (all) under heaven
  The feminine; ever through stillness; overcomes the male
  Through stillness & playing submissive
  And so a great realm; by submitting to a small realm;
  Will then appropriate the small realm
  A small realm; by submitting to a great realm;
  Will then appropriate the great realm
  And so the one submits; intending to appropriate
  The other submits and gets taken in
  (Where) the great realm has no greater ambition
  than uniting & caring for others
  (And) the small realm has no greater ambition
  than joining & serving others
  Then both of these each gets what it wants
  (And) the great one should act to submit

  62

  The way is a sanctum to the myriad beings
  A good person抯 treasure
  A less than good person抯 place of refuge
  Elegant speeches may be useful at market
  Noble deeds may be useful for promoting someone
  (But if) another has less ability
  Why waste what they are?
  So (when) enthroning the heir to heaven
  (Or) installing the three high nobles
  Though there be big jade platters in tribute
  Drawn by teams of four horses
  This is not as good as sitting still (and) offering this path
  What purpose had the ancient ones in honoring this way?
  Was it not claimed:
  揟o seek is to find
  To claim error is to be forgiven?
  So (this) becomes precious to (all) under heaven

  63

  Act without acting
  Work without working
  Savor without tasting
  Greatness is ordinary; much is little
  Repay ill will with virtue
  Plan for the complicated while it is simple
  Develop the great while it is small
  The difficult tasks under heaven
  Always begin in simplicity
  The greatest tasks under heaven
  Always begin as minutiae
  This is why wise ones never assume greatness
  And so can achieve such greatness
  Those who lightly promise will surely be less trusted
  Much ease is surely much difficulty
  This is why wise ones look for things to get complicated
  And so in the end have no complications at all

  64

  What is secure is easy to hold
  What has yet to begin is easy to plan for
  What is thin is easy to break up
  What is minute is easy to scatter
  Attend to things before they come to be
  Arrange things before they entangle
  A tree which fills the joined embrace
  Has grown from a slender shoot
  A tower which reaches nine stories
  Begins as a basket of earth
  A journey of a thousand li
  Begins from beneath the feet
  Those who interfere spoil things
  Those who grab lose things
  This is why wise ones do not interfere and so do not spoil
  Do not grab and so do not lose
  People in their pursuits & affairs
  (are) ever on the verge of achieving and still ruin things
  Take care at the end as well as at the beginning
  And then there will be no ruined affairs
  This is why wise ones desire to have no desires
  Do not prize goods which are hard to obtain
  Learn to unlearn
  And return to what everyone else has passed by
  Thus helping the myriad beings to realize themselves
  While not presuming to interfere

  65

  Those ancients skilled at practicing the way
  Did not try to enlighten the people
  (But) would have tried to simplify them
  The difficulties of governing the people
  Are due to their great cleverness
  And so to use cleverness in governing a realm
  Is an injury to the realm
  To avoid using cleverness in governing a realm
  Is a favor to the realm
  Those who comprehend both of these
  Also examine for patterns
  Always to know to look for patterns
  May be called a mystic power
  A mystic power so deep & so far reaching
  (As) to help creation to turn itself around
  Natural succession then reaches perfect harmony

  66

  What is the reason why the rivers and ocean
  can serve as sovereign to the hundred valleys?
  Because they are so well below them
  In this way (they) can act as sovereign
  to the hundred valleys
  Applying this; in desiring to rise above the people;
  Always in expression be subordinate to them
  In desiring to go ahead of the people
  Always regard yourself as behind them
  This is how wise ones remain above
  And yet the people are not burdened
  Remain ahead
  And yet the people are not obstructed
  So it is that (all) under heaven readily come forward
  and never weary
  Because such as these will never contend
  So none under heaven can contend against them

  67

  Everyone in the world admits our way is great
  (And) resembles no likeness
  It is insofar as it is great
  That it resembles no likeness
  Had it a likeness
  Surely after so long
  It might have diminished a little
  Here I have three treasures
  Take and keep them safe:
  The first; call compassion
  The second; call economy
  The third; call never presuming to act as the world抯 leader
  Compassion confers a capacity for courage
  Economy confers a capacity for breadth
  Never presuming to act as the world抯 leader
  confers a capacity to develop enduring talents
  To right away set aside compassion
  in order to be more courageous
  To set aside economy in order to be more expansive
  To set aside following in order to be more advanced
  Is truly deadly
  Now compassion used in combat means triumph
  Used in defense means security
  Those whom heaven would redeem
  With compassion it protects them

  68

  The student skilled at action is not aggressive
  The one skilled at combat is not angry
  The one at besting opponents does not participate
  The one skilled at employing others behaves as their subordinate
  This may be styled the 搗irtue of not contending?br》 It may be styled 揳pplying another抯 power?br》 It may be styled 搒iding with heaven;?br》 The consummation of antiquity

  69

  Military strategists have a saying:
  揑 will not dare to act as host;
  But rather; act as guest;
  Will not presume to advance an inch;
  But rather; retreat a foot?br》 This may be called 搕o move without movement;
  To roll up sleeves without baring arms;
  To depose without a fight
  To capture without force?br》 There is no danger greater than underestimating a foe
  Underestimate a foe will risk losing what we value
  And so when opposing forces meet each other
  The one sympathetic will truly succeed

  70

  My words are very easy to understand
  Very easy to practice
  (But) nobody in the world can

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