29-µÚ2½Ú
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÇÒ»ÖÖÉñÃصÄÁ¦Á¿ÒªÎÒÃǵÄÓÑÒêÑÓÐøµ½Á½¸öº¢×ÓÉíÉÏ¡£
³ÂÐÖ²»½ö¼°Ê±Íê³ÉÁËËûËù³Ðµ£µÄ°¸Àý£¨¾ÍÕâÒ»µã£¬ÎÒ¾ÍÒªÉîÉîµØ¸ÐлËû£¬ÒòΪËûÊÇÔÚ¼«Æ䷱æµÄ¹¤×÷Ö®Ó࣬ÎþÉü×Ô¼ºµÄÐÝϢʱ¼äÍê³ÉÕâЩд×÷µÄ£©£¬¶øÇÒÉó¶ÁÁËÈ«²¿Îĸ壬Ìá³öÁ˼«Îª±¦¹óµÄÐÞ¶©Òâ¼û£¬Í¬Ê±Ëû»¹¶Ô´óµ½È«ÊéµÄÕûÌ幹˼¡¢°¸ÀýµÄÑ¡Ôñ£¬Ð¡µ½ÊéÃûµÄÈ·¶¨¡¢½Å×¢µÄºË¶Ô¶¼×÷³öÁ˲»¿ÉȱÉٵűÏס£±ÈÈ磬Ëû¶ÔÎÒ×î³õÌá³öµÄ¡°Î°´óÅоö¡±ºÜ²»ÒÔΪȻ£¬ÒòΪScott°¸¿ÉÒÔ˵ÊÇ×î¸ß·¨Ôº¡°×îÔã¸â¡±µÄÅоöÖ®Ò»¡£ÕâÌáÐÑÎÒÔÚ°¸ÀýµÄÑ¡ÔñÉϲ»Äܽö½ö×ÅÑÛÓÚ¡°Î°´ó¡±£¬¶øÇÒҪעÒâµ½¡°¶ñÁÓ¡±¡£×î¸ß·¨ÔºµÄ´ó·¨¹Ù¾ö·Ç²»Ê³È˼äÑÌ»ðµÄÊ¥ÈË£¬ËûÃÇÒ²Ïñ·²ÈËÒ»Ñù»á·¸´íÎ󣬶øÇÒÒòΪÌض¨µÄµØλ»á·¸´ó´íÎó¡£
ΪÁËÊéÖÐij¸öÊõÓïµÄ·Ò롢ij¸ö¸ÅÄîµÄ±íÊö¡¢Ä³¸ö¶ÎÂäµÄ°²ÅÅ¡¢Ä³¸öÒýÎĵĺ˶ԣ¬³ÂÐÖÔÚ¹ýÈ¥Ò»ÄêÖиøÎÒ´òÀ´ÁËÊ®¼¸¸öÖÜÄ©Ô½Ñóµç»°£¬ÎÒÃdz£³£Ò»Ì¸¾ÍÊǼ¸¸öСʱ£¬Ö±µ½µç»°¿¨ÓÃÍêΪֹ¡£¸ü²»ÒªËµÏ໥¼äµÄÉϰٷݵç×ÓÓʼþ£¬ÎÞÊý´ÎµÄ¸å¼þ´«ËÍ¡£ÓÉÓÚÎÄ×Ö´¦ÀíϵͳµÄ²îÒ죬ÎÒÃÇÔÚÎĸåÐÞ¶©·½Ãæ·Ñ¾¡ÐÄ»ú¡£ËûµÄÈÏÕæ̬¶ÈʵÔÚÊÇÄÑÄܿɹó¡£
ͬÑù£¬É½¶«´óѧÀúÊ·ÎÄ»¯Ñ§ÔºµÄ°×Ñ©·å²©Ê¿Ò²¸øÎÒÓѺõİïÖú¡£2001Äê³õÏÄ£¬ÎҲμÓÁË°×Ñ©·åµÄ²©Ê¿ÂÛÎÄ¡¶ÎÖÂ×·¨ÔºÑо¿¡·µÄ´ð±ç¡£Õâ¿ÉÄÜÊǹúÄÚµÚһƪÒÔÏÜÕþʷΪÌâµÄÃÀ¹úÊ·²©Ê¿ÂÛÎÄ£¬Ð´µÃÏ൱Ôúʵ¡£°×Ñ©·å¶ÔÎÖÂ×·¨Ôº´¦ÀíµÄһЩÖøÃûµÄ¹«Ãñ×ÔÓɺÍȨÀûµÄ°¸¼þºÜÓÐÑо¿£¬ÔÚ´Ë»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ËûΪ±¾Êé¹±Ï×ÁËÈý¸ö¾«²ÊµÄ°¸Àý¹ÊÊ¡£
ÕâÑùÒ»±¾Ð¡Ê黹µÃµ½ÁËÁ½Î»×ÊÉîÃÀ¹úÏÜÕþʷѧÕßµÄÖ§³Ö¡£2001Äê7Ô£¬ÎҺ͹úÄÚ15λѧÕßÒ»Æð²Î¼ÓÁËHawaii´óѧ¶«Î÷·½ÖÐÐÄ¡¢±±¾©´óѧÖ÷°ìµÄ¡°½²ÊöÃÀ¹úºÍÖйú¡±ÌÖÂÛ°à¡£ÌÖÂÛ°àÉÏ£¬ÎÒ½áʶÁËCity¡¡College¡¡of¡¡San¡¡Francisco¡¡£¨¾É½ðɽÊÐÁ¢Ñ§Ôº£©Éç»á¿Æѧ½ÌÊÚ¡¢ÃÀ¹úÏÜÕþʷר¼ÒLaurene¡¡Wu¡¡McClain£¨ÎéÊçÃ÷£©Å®Ê¿£¬ÏòËýÇë½ÌÁËÓÐЩ²»Ò×ÔÚÊé±¾ÉÏ»ñµÃµÄÃÀ¹ú˾·¨³ÌÐòºÍµØ·½·¨ÔºµÄ֪ʶ¡£×÷Ϊ»ªÒá½ÌÊÚ£¬ÎÒºÜÏ£ÍûËýÄܹ»ÎªÎÒµÄÏîĿ׫дһƪÓйػªÈ˵ݸ¼þ£¬2002Äê³õËý¼ÄÀ´¡¶´ÓÊܺ¦Õßµ½Ê¤ÀûÕß¡·¡£½Ó×Å£¬ÎÒÏ£ÍûËýÄÜÔÙдһƪ¶þÕ½ÖÐÈÕÒáÃÀ¹úÈËÊÜÆȺ¦µÄ°¸×Ó£¬ËýÔÙ´ÎÐÀȻͬÒ⣬²»¹ý²»ÊÇÓÉËýÇ××ÔÀ´Ð´£¬¶øÊÇÇëËýµÄÕÉ·ò¡¢California´óѧ²®¿ËÀûУÇø·¨Ñ§Ôº·¨ÖÎÊ·½ÌÊÚCharles¡¡J¡£McClain½ÌÊÚÀ´×«Ð´¡£Charles½ÌÊÚ»¹ÊǸ÷¨Ñ§Ôº·¨Ñ§ºÍÉç»áÕþ²ßÏîÄ¿¸±Ö÷ϯ£¨Vice¡¡Chairman£»¡¡Jurisprudence¡¡and¡¡Social¡¡Policy¡¡Program£©£¬Ñо¿ÉÙÊý×åÒáÏÜ·¨È¨ÀûµÄר¼Ò¡£
ÖлªÃÀ¹úѧ»á»á³¤¡¢ÖйúÉç»á¿ÆѧԺÃÀ¹úÑо¿ËùËù³¤Íõ¼©Ë¼½ÌÊÚæÀï͵˼ÔĶÁÁ˲¿·ÝÊé¸å£¬²¢Õë¶ÔÊé¸åµÄÈô¸É²»×ãÌáÁËÒâ¼û£¬Ð´³öһƪ¾«²ÊÐòÑÔ¡£ËûÔÚÎÄÖжÔÃÀ¹úÏÜ·¨×ڽ̱³¾°ºÍ×ÔȻȨÀû¹ÛÄîµÄ¾«±Ù·ÖÎö£¬¶ÔÊéÃûÖС°ÏÜÕþ¡±Ò»´ÊµÄÌâ½â£¬Ê¹È«Êé´óΪÔöÉ«¡£ÖÁÓÚÐòÑÔÖÐÄÇ¡°²»Ê¶Ì§¾Ù¡±µÄÏ·ÑÔ£¬Ò²ÌåÏÖ³ö×÷ÕßÌØÓÐÇ«ÐéºÍÓÄĬ¡£
ÕâÒ»ÏîÄ¿Éè¼ÆµÄ³õÆÚ£¬ÍõÏ£½ÌÊÚÌá³öÁ˷dz£×¨ÒµµÄÒâ¼û¡£ÃÀ¹úSouth¡¡Illinois´óѧÀúʷϵ½ÌÊÚ¡¢2000¡2001Äê¶ÈÔÚÄϾ©´óѧÈν̵ĸ»²¼À³ÌØѧÕßSam¡¡Pearson£¬¶ÔÎÒËùÑ¡ÔñµÄ°¸ÀýÌá³ö¹ýÒâ¼ûºÍ½¨Òé¡£ÔÚ´Ë£¬±íʾÎÒÉîÉîµÄлÒâ¡£
ÎÒ»¹ÒªÌرð¸ÐлÏÖÈÎÃÀ¹úTruman×ÜͳͼÊé¹Ý¹Ý³¤µÄMichael¡¡Devine²©Ê¿¡£ËäÈ»ËûÓëÕâ¸öÏîĿûÓÐÈκÎÖ±½ÓµÄÁªÏµ£¬µ«ÊÇ£¬1998£1999Äê¶ÈËûÔÚÖÐÃÀÎÄ»¯Ñо¿ÖÐÐÄÈνÌÆÚ¼äÎÒÃÇÖ®¼ä½øÐеÄÎÞÊý´Î³¤Ì¸½»Á÷£¬²»½öÈÃÎÒ·ÖÏíÁËËû¶ÔÃÀ¹úÕþÖΡ¢Íâ½»¡¢Éç»áµÈ¸÷ÖÖÎÊÌâµÄÉî¿Ì¼û½â£¬¶øÇÒ´ÙʹÎÒÖØÐÂÈÏʶÏóÑÀËþÄÚѧԺÅÉÀúʷѧ¼Ò£¨academic¡¡historian£©µÄÉç»áÔðÈΡ£×÷Ϊ1999£2000Äê¶ÈÃÀ¹ú¹«¹²Àúʷѧ¼Ò×éÖ¯µÄÖ÷ϯ£¬Ëû¸øÎÒ½²ÊöËûÊÇÈçºÎ´ÓÒ»¸öֻΪͬÐжøд×÷µÄѧԺÅÉÍ⽻ʷѧÕߣ¬×ª±äΪһ¸öÒÔ·þÎñ¹«ÖÚΪ¼ºÈι«¹²ÀúʷѧÕߣ¨public¡¡historian£©µÄ¸öÈ˾Àú¡£Ëû½²¹ÊʵÄÌì²ÅÌáÐÑÎÒʱ¿Ì²»ÒªÍü¼Ç£¬Ö»ÓÐÉú¶¯µÄ¹ÊʲŻáÓÐÏÊ»îµÄÀúÊ·£¬²Å»áÎüÒýÄãµÄ¶ÁÕß¡£
2002Äê4Ô£¬ÔÚÊé¸åµÄµÚ¶þ¸åÍê³Éºó£¬ÎÒÓлú»áÅãͬ20¶àλÃÀ¹ú¹ú»áÁ½ÔºÒéÔ±ÔÚÉϺ£¡¢ÄϾ©ºÍ±±¾©¿¼²ì½»Á÷Ò»¸öÐÇÆÚ¡£ÕâЩÒéÔ±ÓÐÒ»°ëÊÇÂÉʦ³öÉí£¬ÓëËûÃǵĽ»Á÷ʹÎÒÊÜÒæ·Çdz£¬ÈÃÎÒ¶ÔÃÀ¹úµÄ·¨ÖÎÎÄ»¯ÓÐÁ˽øÒ»²½µÄÌåÑé¡£Ôø¾µ£ÈιýTexas×î¸ß·¨Ôº·¨¹ÙµÄÖÚÒéÔ±Lloyd¡¡Doggett£¬»¹ºÍÎéÊçÃ÷½ÌÊÚÒ»ÆðΪÎÒдÍƼöÐÅ£¬°ïÎÒÕùÈ¡µ½Ford»ù½ð»á±±¾©°ìÊ´¦µÄС¶î×ÊÖú£¬Ê¹ÎÒÄܹ»ÔÚ2002ÄêÏÄÈ¥Hawaii¶«Î÷·½ÖÐÐÄ£¨East¡West¡¡Center£©¿Í×ùÑо¿ËĸöÐÇÆÚ£¬ÀûÓÃHawaii´óѧµÄ×ÊÁÏ£¬½è»ú¶ÔÊé¸å½øÐÐ×îºóµÄÐ޸Ķ¨¸å¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÎÒÒª¸ÐлÕâЩ¸øÓèÎÒ°ïÖúµÄ»ú¹¹ºÍ¸öÈË¡£
¹óÖÝÈËÃñ³ö°æÉç±à¼³ÌÒà³àÏÈÉúÔø¾¶ÔÕâһѡÌâºÜ¸ÐÐËȤ£¬²¢´Ó³ö°æµÄ½Ç¶ÈÌá³öÁËһЩÓÐÒæµÄÒâ¼û¡£Òź¶µÄÊÇ£¬ÎÒ¸ù±¾ÎÞ·¨ÔÚËûËùÏ£ÍûµÄʱ¼ä±íÄÚÍê³É±àд¹¤×÷¡£Öйú·¨ÖƳö°æÉçÉ糤ףÁ¢Ã÷ÏÈÉú¶ÔÏîÄ¿¹ÄÀøÓмΣ¬´Ù³É±¾ÊéµÄ¼°Ê±ÃæÊÀ¡£¶ÔÕâÁ½Î»±à¼ÅóÓÑ£¬Îҷdz£¸Ðл¡£
×îºó£¬ÎÒÒª¸ÐлÎÒµÄÆÞ×ÓÎâÔźÍÅ®¶ùçþ½à¡£ÎÒ°ÑÓ¦¸ÃÅã°éËýÃǵļ¸¸öº®Êî¼ÙºÍÐí¶àÆäËûÐÝϢʱ¼ä¶¼ÓÃÀ´Ð´×÷ºÍÐÞ¸ÄÊé¸å¡£ËýÃǶÔÎҵŤ×÷±íʾÁ˳ä·ÖÀí½â£¬ºÁÎÞÔ¹ÑÔ£¬Ò»Èç¼ÈÍù¡£ÎâÔÅ»¹ÒÔËýÀí½âÓ¢ÎĵÄ׿ԽÄÜÁ¦£¬°ïÖúÎÒŪÇå³þһЩ×î¸ß·¨ÔºÅоöÖи´Ôӵľäʽ¼°Æ京Òå¡£
ÔÚÏÖ´úѧÊõÌåÖÆ£¬Õâ¸ö¼ÈûÓÐÕýʽ¡°Á¢ÏÒàÎÞÈκλú¹¹Ö±½Ó¡°×ÊÖú¡±µÄÏîĿʵÔÚÊÇ΢²»×ãµÀ¡£µ«±ÖÖã×ÔÕ䣬Ïëµ½ËüµÃµ½Õâô¶àº£ÄÚÍâÀÏÓÑÐÂÅóµÄ¿¶¿®ÏàÖúʱ£¬Ã¿Ã¿ÁîÎҸж¯²»ÒÑ¡£ÅóÓÑÃǵÄÈÈÇéºÍÓÑÇ飬д×÷ºÍ±à¼±¾ÉíËù¾ßÓеÄÌôÕ½ÐÔ£¬ÒÔ¼°ÕâЩ¹ÊÊÂËùÔ̲صÄÎÞÏÞÓÂÆø¡¢·á¸»ÕÜÀíºÍ³¬·²Öǻۣ¬Ê¹ÕâÏ×÷³ÉΪÎÒ´Óδ¾Àú¹ýµÄÒ»´Î¾«ÉñÂÃÐУ¬Óä¿ìÎޱȣ¬Ò²Ê¹Í¬ÆÚһЩ¸´ÔÓ·±ËöµÄѧÊõÌåÖƸøÎÒ´øÀ´µÄÖÖÖÖ²»Óä¿ìͳͳÏûʧµÃÎÞÓ°ÎÞ×Ù¡£
ÔÚÕâһСÏîÄ¿¼´½«Íê³ÉÖ®¼Ê£¬¹ú¼Ò½ÌÓý²¿½«ÎÒÉ걨µÄ¡°Áª°î×î¸ß·¨ÔºÓëÃÀ¹ú·¨ÖεÄÀúʷʵ¼ù¡±ÁÐΪ½ÌÓý²¿×ÊÖúÏîÄ¿¡£ÕâÑù£¬Õâ±¾Êé×îÖÕ»¹ÊÇûÓÐÌÓÍÑÏÖ´úѧÊõÌåÖƵÄÊø¸¿£¬¶ø³ÉΪ×ÊÖúÏîÄ¿µÄÇ°ÆÚ¹¤×÷ºÍ½×¶Î³É¹û¡£
ÎÒÕæÐÄÏ£Íû£¬ÐµÄÏîÄ¿Äܹ»ÏñÕâ¸ö¡°Ã»ÓÐÃû·ÖµÄÏîÄ¿¡±Ò»Ñù£¬´øÁìÎÒ½øÐÐÒ»´Îеġ¢¸üΪÓä¿ìµÄ¾«ÉñÂÃÐС£
¡¡
Èζ«À´
2002Äê7ÔÂ1ÈÕÓÚÏÄÍþÒĶ«Î÷·½ÖÐÐÄ¡¡
¡¡¡¡