jurassic.park-第22节

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Hood　automated　gene　sequencers。　They　are　being　run；　at　very　high　speed；　by　the　Cray　XMP　superputers；　which　are　the　towers　in　the　center　of　the　room。　In　essence；　you　are　standing　in　the　middle　of　an　incredibly　powerful　genetics　factory。〃
　　　　There　were　several　monitors；　all　running　so　fast　it　was　hard　to　see　what　they　were　showing。　Wu　pushed　a　button　and　slowed　one　image。


1 GCGTTGCTGG CGTTTTTCCA TAGGCTCCGC CCCCCTGACG AGCATCACAA AAATCGACGC
61 GGTGGCGAAA CCCGACAGGA CTATAAAGAT ACCAGGCGTT TCCCCCTGGA AGCTCCCTCG
121 TGTTCCGACC CTGCCGCTTA CCGGATACCT GTCCGCCTTT CTCCCTTCGG GAAGCCTGGC
181 TGCTCACGCT GTAGGTATCT CAGTTCGGTG TAGGTCGTTC GCTCCAAGCT GGGCTGTGTG
241 CCGTTCAGCC CGACCGCTGC GCCTTATCCG GTAACTATCG TCTTGAGTCC AACCCGGTAA
301 AGTAGGACAG GTGCCGGCAG CGCTCTGGGT CATTTTCGGC GAGAACCGCT TTCGCTGGAG
361 ATCGGCCTGT CGCTTGCGGT ATTCGGAATC TTGCACGCCC TCGCTCAAGC CTTCGTCACT
421 CCAAACGTTT CGGCGAGAAG CAGGCCATTA TCGCCGGCAT GGCGGCCGAC GCGCTGGGCT
481 GGCGTTCGCG ACGCGAGGCT GGATGGCCTT CCCCATTATG ATTCTTCTCG CTTCCGGCGG
541 CCCGCGTTGC AGGCCATGCT GTCCAGGCAG GTAGATGACG ACCATCAGGG ACAGCTTCAA
601 CGGCTCTTAC CAGCCTAACT TCGATCACTG GACCGCTGAT CGTCACGGCG ATTTATGCCG
661 CACATGGACG CGTTGCTGGC GTTTTTCCAT AGGCTCCGCC CCCCTGACGA GCATCACAAA
721 CAAGTCAGAG GTGGCGAAAC CCGACAGGAC TATAAAGATA CCAGGCGTTT CCCCCTGGAA
781 GCGCTCTCCT GTTCCGACCC TGCCGCTTAC CGGATACCTG TCCGCCTTTC TCCCTTCGGG
841 CTTTCTCAAT GCTCACGCTG TAGGTATCTC AGTTCGGTGT AGGTCGTTCG CTCCAAGCTG
901 ACGAACCCCC CGTTCAGCCC GACCGCTGCG CCTTATCCGG TAACTATCGT CTTGAGTCCA
961 ACACGACTTA ACGGGTTGGC ATGGATTGTA GGCGCCGCCC TATACCTTGT CTGCCTCCCC
1021 GCGGTGCATG GAGCCGGGCC ACCTCGACCT GAATGGAAGC CGGCGGCACC TCGCTAACGG
1081 CCAAGAATTG GAGCCAATCA ATTCTTGCGG AGAACTGTGA ATGCGCAAAC CAACCCTTGG
1141 CCATCGCGTC CGCCATCTCC AGCAGCCGCA CGCGGCGCAT CTCGGGCAGC GTTGGGTCCT
1201 GCGCATGATC GTGCT。。。。。。。。。。。。。 CCTGTCGTTG AGGACCCGGC TAGGCTGGCG GGGTTGCCTT
1281 AGAATGAATC ACCGATACGC GAGCGAACGT GAAGCGACTG CTGCTGCAAA ACGTCTGCGA
1341 AACATGAATG GTCTTCGGTT TCCGTGTTTC GTAAAGTCTG GAAACGCGGA AGTCAGCGCC


　　　　〃Here　you　see　the　actual　structure　of　a　small　fragment　of　dinosaur　DNA；〃　Wu　said。　〃Notice　the　sequence　is　made　up　of　four　basic　pounds…adenine；　thymine；　guanine；　and　cytosine。　This　amount　of　DNA　probably　contains　instructions　to　make　a　single　protein…say；　a　hormone　or　an　enzyme。　The　full　DNA　molecule　contains　three　billion　of　these　bases。　If　we　looked　at　a　screen　like　this　once　a　second；　for　eight　hours　a　day；　it'd　still　take　more　than　two　years　to　look　at　the　entire　DNA　strand。　It's　that　big。〃
　　　　He　pointed　to　the　image。　〃This　is　a　typical　example；　because　you　see　the　DNA　has　an　error；　down　here　in　line　1201。　Much　of　the　DNA　we　extract　is　fragmented　or　inplete。　So　the　first　thing　we　have　to　do　is　repair　it…or　rather；　the　puter　has　to。　It'll　cut　the　DNA；　using　what　are　called　restriction　enzymes。　The　puter　will　select　a　variety　of　enzymes　that　might　do　the　job。〃


1 GCGTTGCTGGCGTTTTTCCATAGGGTCCGCCCCCCTGACGAGCATCACAAAAATCGACGC
61 GGTGGCGAAACCCGACAGGACTFITAAAGATACCAGGCGTTTCCCCCTGGAAGCTCCCTCG
NspO4
121 TGTTCCGACCCTGCCGCTTACCGGATACCTGTCCGCCTTTCTCCCTTCGGGAAGCGTGGC
181 TGCTCACGCTGTAGGTATCTCAGTTCGGTGTAGGTCGTTCGCTCCASGCTGGGCTGTGTG
BrontIV
241 CCGTTCAGCCCGACCGCTGCGCCTTATCCGGTAACTATCGTCTTGAGTCCAACCCGGTAA
301 AGTAGGACAGGTGCCGGCAGCGCTCTGGGTCATTTTCGGCGAGGACCGCTTTCGCTGGAG
434　DnxTl　　　　　　　　　　 AoliBn
361 ATCGGCCTGTCGCTTGCGGTATTCGCAATCTTGCACGCCCTCGCTCAAGCCTTCGTCACT
421 CCAAACGTTTCGGCGAGAAGCAGGCCATAATCGCCGGCATGGCGGCCGACGCGCTGGGCT
481 GGCGTTCGCGACGCGAGGCTGGATGGCCTTCCCCATTATGATTCTTCTCGCTTCCGGCGG
541 CCCGCGTTGCAGGCCATGCTGTCCAGGCAGGTAGATGACGHCCATCAGGGACAGCTTCAA
601 CGGCTCTTACCAGCCTAACTTCGATCACTGGACCGCTGATCGTCACGGCGATTTATGCCG
Nsp04
661 CACATGGACCCGTTGCTGGCGTTTTTCCATAGGCTCCGCCCCCCTGACGAGCATCACAAA
721 CAAGTCAGAGGTGGCGAAACCCOACAGOACTATAAAGATACCAOOCOTTTCCCCCTGGAA
924　Caoll　I　　 DinoLdn
781 GCGCTCTCCTOTTCCOACCCTOCCOCTTACCOGATACCTOTCCOCCTTTCTCCCTTCGGG
841 CTTTCTCAATOCTCACOCTGTABGTATCTCAGTTCGGTOTAGGTCGTTCOCTCCAAOCTO
901 ACGAACCCCCCOTTCAGCCCGACCGCTGCGCCTTATCCGGTAACTATCGTCTTGAOTCCA
961 ACACOACTTAACCOOTTOOCATGGATTGTAGGCGCCGCCCTATACCTTGTCTOCCTCCCC
1021 GCGGTGCATGOAOCCOGOCCACCTCGACCTGAATOGAAGCCGOCGOCACCTCOCTAACOG
1081 CCAAGAATTGGAGCCAATCAATTCTTGCGGAGAACTGTGAATGCGCAAACCAACCCTTGG
1141 CCATCGCGTCCGCCATCTCCAGCAGCCGCACGCGGCGCATCTCGGGCAGCGTTGGGTCCT
1416　DnxTI　
SSpd4
1201 GCGCATGATCGTGCT：＋=：CCTGTCGTTGAGGACCCGGCTAGGCTGGCGGGGTTGCCTTACT
1281 ATGAATCACCGATACGCGAGCGAACGTGAAGCGACTGCTGCTGCAAAACGTCTGCGACCT
　　　　

　　　　〃Here　is　the　same　section　of　DNA；　with　the　points　of　the　restriction　enzymes　located。　As　you　can　see　in　line　1201；　two　enzymes　will　cut　on　either　side　of　the　damaged　point。　Ordinarily　we　let　the　puters　decide　which　to　use。　But　we　also　need　to　know　what　base　pairs　we　should　insert　to　repair　the　injury。　For　that；　we　have　to　align　various　cut　fragments；　like　so。〃
　　　　〃Now　we　are　finding　a　fragment　of　DNA　that　overlaps　the　injury　area；　and　will　tell　us　what　is　missing。　And　you　can　see　we　can　find　it；　and　go　ahead　and　make　the　repair。　The　dark　bars　you　see　arc　restriction　fragments…small　sections　of　dinosaur　DNA；　broken　by　enzymes　and　then　analyzed。　The　puter　is　now　rebining　them；　by　searching　for　overlapping　sections　of　code。　It's　a　little　bit　like　putting　a　puzzle　together。　The　puter　can　do　it　very　rapidly。〃

　　　
1 GCGTTGCTGGCGTTTTTCCATAGGCTCCGCCCCCCTGACGAGCATCACAAAAATCGACGC
61 GGTGGCGAAACCCGACAGGACTATAAAGATACCAGGCGTTTCCCCCTGGAAGCTCCCTCG
121 TGTTCCGACCCTGCCGCTTACCGGATACCTGTCCGCCTTTCTCCCTTCGGGAAGCCTGGC
181 TGCTCACGCTGTAGGTATCTCAGTTCGGTGTAGGTCGTTCGCTCCAAGCTGGGCTGTGTG
241 CCGTTCAGCCCGACCGCTGCGCCTTATCCGGTAACTATCGTCTTGAGTCCAACCCGGTAA
301 AGTAGGACAGGTGCCGGCAGCGCTCTGGGTCATTTTCGGCGAGAACCGCTTTCGCTGGAG
361 ATCGGCCTGTCGCTTGCGGTATTCGGAATCTTGCACGCCCTCGCTCAAGCCTTCGTCACT
421 CCAAACGTTTCGGCGAGAAGCAGGCCATTATCGCCGGCATGGCGGCCGACGCGCTGGGCT
481 GGCGTTCGCGACGCGAGGCTGGATGGCCTTCCCCATTATGATTCTTCTCGCTTCCGGCGG
541 CCCGCGTTGCAGGCCATGCTGTCCAGGCAGGTAGATGACGACCATCAGGGACAGCTTCAA
601 CGGCTCTTACCAGCCTAACTTCGATCACTGGACCGCTGATCGTCACGGCGATTTATGCCG
661 CACATGGACGCGTTGCTGGCGTTTTTCCATAGGCTCCGCCCCCCTGACGAGCATCACAAA
721 CAAGTCAGAGGTGGCGAAACCCGACAGGACTATAAAGATA CCAGGCGTTTCCCCCTGGAA
781 GCGCTCTCCTGTTCCGACCCTGCCGCTTACCGGATACCTGTCCGCCTTTCTCCCTTCGGG
841 CTTTCTCAATGCTCACGCTGTAGGTATCTC AGTTCGGTGTAGGTCGTTCGCTCCAAGCTG
901 ACGAACCCCCCGTTCAGCCCGACCGCTGCGCCTTATCCGGTAACTATCGTCTTGAGTCCA
961 ACACGACTTAACGGGTTGGCATGGATTGTAGGCGCCGCCCTATACCTTGTCTGCCTCCCC
1021 GCGGTGCATGGAGCCGGGCCACCTCGACCTGAATGGAAGCCGGCGGCACCTCGCTAACGG
1081 CCAAGAATTGGAGCCAATCAATTCTTGCGGAGAACTGTGAATGCGCAAACCAACCCTTGG
1141 CCATCGCGTCCGCCATCTCCAGCAGCCGCACGCGGCGCATCTCGGGCAGCGTTGGGTCCT
1201 GCGCATGATCGTGCTAGCCTGTCGTTGAGGACCCGGCTAGGCTGGCGGGGTTGCCTT
1281 AGAATGAATCACCGATACGCGAGCGAACGTGAAGCGACTG CTGCTGCAAAACGTCTGCGA
1341 AACATGAATGGTCTTCGGTTTCCGTGTTTC GTAAAGTCTGGAAACGCGGAAGTCAGCGCC
　　　　

　　　　〃And　here　is　the　revised　DNA　strand；　repaired　by　the　puter。　The　operation　you've　witnessed　would　have　taken　months　in　a　conventional　lab；　but　we　can　do　it　in　seconds。〃
　　　　〃Then　are　you　working　with　the　entire　DNA　strand？〃　Grant　asked。
　　　　〃Oh　no；〃　Wu　said。　〃That's　impossible。　We've　e　a　long　way　from　the　sixties；　when　it　took　a　whole　laboratory　four　years　to　decode　a　screen　like　this。　Now　the　puters　can　do　it　in　a　couple　of　hours。　But；　even　so；　the　DNA　molecule　is　too　big。　We　look　only　at　the　sections　of　the　strand　that　differ　from　animal　to　animal；　or　from　contemporary　DNA。　Only　a　few　percent　of　the　nucleotides　differ　from　one　species　to　the　next。　That's　what　we　analyze；　and　it's　still　a　big　job。〃

Dennis　Nedry　yawned。　He'd　long　ago　concluded　that　InGen　must　be　doing　something　like　this。　A　couple　of　years　earlier；　when　InGen　had　hired　Nedry　to　design　the　park　control　systems；　one　of　the　initial　design　parameters　called　for　data　records　with　3　X　109　fields。　Nedry　just　assumed　that　was　a　mistake；　and　had　called　Palo　Alto　to　verify　it。　But　they　had　told　him　the　Spec　was　correct。　Three　billion　fields。
　　　　Nedry　had　worked　on　a　lot　of　large　systems。　He'd　made　a　name　for　himself　setting　up　worldwide　telephone　munications　for　multinational　corporations。　Often　those　systems　had　millions　of　records。　He　was　used　to　that。　But　InGen　wanted　something　so　much　larger。　。　。　。　
　　　　Puzzled；　Nedry　had　gone　to　see　Barney　Fellows　over　at　Symbolics；　near　the　M。I。T。　campus　in　Cambridge。　〃What　kind　of　a　database　has　three　billion　records；　Barney？〃
　　　　〃A　mistake；〃　Barney　said；　laughing。　〃They　put　in　an　extra　zero　or　two。〃
　　　　〃It's　not　a　mistake。　I　checked。　It's　what　they　want。〃
　　　　〃But　that's　crazy；〃　Barney　said。　〃It's　not　workable。　Even　if　you　had　the　fastest　processors　and　blindingly　fast　algorithms；　a　search　would　still　take　days。　Maybe　weeks。〃
　　　　〃Yeah；〃　Nedry　said。　〃I　know。　Fortunately　I'm　not　being　asked　to　do　algorithms。　I'm　just　being　asked　to　reserve　storage　and　memory　for　the　overall　system。　But　still　。　。　。　what　could　the　database　be　for？〃
　　　　Barney　frowned。　〃You　operating　under　an　ND？〃
　　　　〃Yes；〃　Nedry　said。　Most　of　his　jobs　required　nondisclosure　agreements。
　　　　〃Can　you　tell　me　anything？〃
　　　　〃It's　a　bioengineering　firm。〃
　　　　〃Bioengineering；〃　Barney　said。　〃Well；　there's　the　obvious。　。　。　。〃
　　　　〃Which　is？〃
　　　　〃A　DNA　molecule。〃
　　　　〃Oh；　e　on；〃　Nedry　said。　〃Nobody　could　be　analyzing　a　DNA　molecule。〃　He　knew　biologists　wer