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heroes and hero worship-第38节

小说: heroes and hero worship 字数: 每页4000字

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admitted for a good while; and recognized often enough; in late times; with a sort of sentimental triumph and wonderment。  It seems to me; the Sentimental by and by will have to give place to the Practical。  If Men of Letters _are_ so incalculably influential; actually performing such work for us from age to age; and even from day to day; then I think we may conclude that Men of Letters will not always wander like unrecognized unregulated Ishmaelites among us!  Whatsoever thing; as I said above; has virtual unnoticed power will cast off its wrappages; bandages; and step forth one day with palpably articulated; universally visible power。  That one man wear the clothes; and take the wages; of a function which is done by quite another:  there can be no profit in this; this is not right; it is wrong。  And yet; alas; the _making_ of it right;what a business; for long times to come!  Sure enough; this that we call Organization of the Literary Guild is still a great way off; encumbered with all manner of complexities。 If you asked me what were the best possible organization for the Men of Letters in modern society; the arrangement of furtherance and regulation; grounded the most accurately on the actual facts of their position and of the world's position;I should beg to say that the problem far exceeded my faculty!  It is not one man's faculty; it is that of many successive men turned earnestly upon it; that will bring out even an approximate solution。 What the best arrangement were; none of us could say。  But if you ask; Which is the worst?  I answer:  This which we now have; that Chaos should sit umpire in it; this is the worst。  To the best; or any good one; there is yet a long way。

One remark I must not omit; That royal or parliamentary grants of money are by no means the chief thing wanted!  To give our Men of Letters stipends; endowments and all furtherance of cash; will do little towards the business。  On the whole; one is weary of hearing about the omnipotence of money。  I will say rather that; for a genuine man; it is no evil to be poor; that there ought to be Literary Men poor;to show whether they are genuine or not!  Mendicant Orders; bodies of good men doomed to beg; were instituted in the Christian Church; a most natural and even necessary development of the spirit of Christianity。  It was itself founded on Poverty; on Sorrow; Contradiction; Crucifixion; every species of worldly Distress and Degradation。  We may say; that he who has not known those things; and learned from them the priceless lessons they have to teach; has missed a good opportunity of schooling。  To beg; and go barefoot; in coarse woollen cloak with a rope round your loins; and be despised of all the world; was no beautiful business;nor an honorable one in any eye; till the nobleness of those who did so had made it honored of some!

Begging is not in our course at the present time:  but for the rest of it; who will say that a Johnson is not perhaps the better for being poor?  It is needful for him; at all rates; to know that outward profit; that success of any kind is _not_ the goal he has to aim at。  Pride; vanity; ill…conditioned egoism of all sorts; are bred in his heart; as in every heart; need; above all; to be cast out of his heart;to be; with whatever pangs; torn out of it; cast forth from it; as a thing worthless。  Byron; born rich and noble; made out even less than Burns; poor and plebeian。  Who knows but; in that same 〃best possible organization〃 as yet far off; Poverty may still enter as an important element?  What if our Men of Letters; men setting up to be Spiritual Heroes; were still _then_; as they now are; a kind of 〃involuntary monastic order;〃 bound still to this same ugly Poverty;till they had tried what was in it too; till they had learned to make it too do for them!  Money; in truth; can do much; but it cannot do all。  We must know the province of it; and confine it there; and even spurn it back; when it wishes to get farther。

Besides; were the money…furtherances; the proper season for them; the fit assigner of them; all settled;how is the Burns to be recognized that merits these?  He must pass through the ordeal; and prove himself。  _This_ ordeal; this wild welter of a chaos which is called Literary Life:  this too is a kind of ordeal!  There is clear truth in the idea that a struggle from the lower classes of society; towards the upper regions and rewards of society; must ever continue。  Strong men are born there; who ought to stand elsewhere than there。  The manifold; inextricably complex; universal struggle of these constitutes; and must constitute; what is called the progress of society。  For Men of Letters; as for all other sorts of men。 How to regulate that struggle?  There is the whole question。  To leave it as it is; at the mercy of blind Chance; a whirl of distracted atoms; one cancelling the other; one of the thousand arriving saved; nine hundred and ninety…nine lost by the way; your royal Johnson languishing inactive in garrets; or harnessed to the yoke of Printer Cave; your Burns dying broken…hearted as a Gauger; your Rousseau driven into mad exasperation; kindling French Revolutions by his paradoxes:  this; as we said; is clearly enough the _worst_ regulation。  The _best_; alas; is far from us!

And yet there can be no doubt but it is coming; advancing on us; as yet hidden in the bosom of centuries:  this is a prophecy one can risk。  For so soon as men get to discern the importance of a thing; they do infallibly set about arranging it; facilitating; forwarding it; and rest not till; in some approximate degree; they have accomplished that。  I say; of all Priesthoods; Aristocracies; Governing Classes at present extant in the world; there is no class comparable for importance to that Priesthood of the Writers of Books。  This is a fact which he who runs may read;and draw inferences from。  〃Literature will take care of itself;〃 answered Mr。 Pitt; when applied to for some help for Burns。  〃Yes;〃 adds Mr。 Southey; 〃it will take care of itself; _and of you too_; if you do not look to it!〃

The result to individual Men of Letters is not the momentous one; they are but individuals; an infinitesimal fraction of the great body; they can struggle on; and live or else die; as they have been wont。  But it deeply concerns the whole society; whether it will set its _light_ on high places; to walk thereby; or trample it under foot; and scatter it in all ways of wild waste (not without conflagration); as heretofore!  Light is the one thing wanted for the world。  Put wisdom in the head of the world; the world will fight its battle victoriously; and be the best world man can make it。 I called this anomaly of a disorganic Literary Class the heart of all other anomalies; at once product and parent; some good arrangement for that would be as the _punctum saliens_ of a new vitality and just arrangement for all。 Already; in some European countries; in France; in Prussia; one traces some beginnings of an arrangement for the Literary Class; indicating the gradual possibility of such。  I believe that it is possible; that it will have to be possible。

By far the most interesting fact I hear about the Chinese is one on which we cannot arrive at clearness; but which excites endless curiosity even in the dim state:  this namely; that they do attempt to make their Men of Letters their Governors!  It would be rash to say; one understood how this was done; or with what degree of success it was done。  All such things must be very unsuccessful; yet a small degree of success is precious; the very attempt how precious!  There does seem to be; all over China; a more or less active search everywhere to discover the men of talent that grow up in the young generation。  Schools there are for every one:  a foolish sort of training; yet still a sort。  The youths who distinguish themselves in the lower school are promoted into favorable stations in the higher; that they may still more distinguish themselves;forward and forward:  it appears to be out of these that the Official Persons; and incipient Governors; are taken。  These are they whom they _try_ first; whether they can govern or not。  And surely with the best hope:  for they are the men that have already shown intellect。  Try them:  they have not governed or administered as yet; perhaps they cannot; but there is no doubt they _have_ some Understanding;without which no man can!  Neither is Understanding a _tool_; as we are too apt to figure; 〃it is a _hand_ which can handle any tool。〃  Try these men:  they are of all others the best worth trying。Surely there is no kind of government; constitution; revolution; social apparatus or arrangement; that I know of in this world; so promising to one's scientific curiosity as this。  The man of intellect at the top of affairs:  this is the aim of all constitutions and revolutions; if they have any aim。  For the man of true intellect; as I assert and believe always; is the noble…hearted man withal; the true; just; humane and valiant man。  Get him for governor; all is got; fail to get him; though you had Constitutions plentiful as blackberries; and a Parliament in every village; there is nothing yet got!

These things look strange; truly; and are not such as we commonly 

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