hesiod, the homeric hymns, and homerica-第47节
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ENDNOTES：
（1） ll。 1…9 are preserved by Diodorus Siculus iii。 66。 3； ll。 10…21 are extant only in M。 （2） Dionysus； after his untimely birth from Semele； was sewn into the thigh of Zeus。 （3） sc。 Semele。 Zeus is here speaking。 （4） The reference is apparently to something in the body of the hymn； now lost。 （5） The Greeks feared to name Pluto directly and mentioned him by one of many descriptive titles； such as ‘Host of Many'： compare the Christian use of O DIABOLOS or our ‘Evil One'。 （6） Demeter chooses the lowlier seat； supposedly as being more suitable to her assumed condition； but really because in her sorrow she refuses all comforts。 （7） An act of communion the drinking of the potion here described was one of the most important pieces of ritual in the Eleusinian mysteries； as commemorating the sorrows of the goddess。 （8） Undercutter and Woodcutter are probably popular names （after the style of Hesiod's ‘Boneless One'） for the worm thought to be the cause of teething and toothache。 （9） The list of names is taken with five additions from Hesiod； 〃Theogony〃 349 ff。： for their general significance see note on that passage。 （10） Inscriptions show that there was a temple of Apollo Delphinius （cp。 ii。 495…6） at Cnossus and a Cretan month bearing the same name。 （11） sc。 that the dolphin was really Apollo。 （12） The epithets are transferred from the god to his altar ‘Overlooking' is especially an epithet of Zeus； as in Apollonius Rhodius ii。 1124。 （13） Pliny notices the efficacy of the flesh of a tortoise against withcraft。 In 〃Geoponica〃 i。 14。 8 the living tortoise is prescribed as a charm to preserve vineyards from hail。 （14） Hermes makes the cattle walk backwards way； so that they seem to be going towards the meadow instead of leaving it （cp。 l。 345）； he himself walks in the normal manner； relying on his sandals as a disguise。 （15） Such seems to be the meaning indicated by the context； though the verb is taken by Allen and Sikes to mean； ‘to be like oneself'； and so ‘to be original'。 （16） Kuhn points out that there is a lacuna here。 In l。 109 the borer is described； but the friction of this upon the fireblock （to which the phrase ‘held firmly' clearly belongs） must also have been mentioned。 （17） The cows being on their sides on the ground； Hermes bends their heads back towards their flanks and so can reach their backbones。 （18） O。 Muller thinks the ‘hides' were a stalactite formation in the ‘Cave of Nestor' near Messenian Pylos； though the cave of Hermes is near the Alpheus （l。 139）。 Others suggest that actual skins were shown as relics before some cave near Triphylian Pylos。 （19） Gemoll explains that Hermes； having offered all the meat as sacrifice to the Twelve Gods； remembers that he himself as one of them must be content with the savour instead of the substance of the sacrifice。 Can it be that by eating he would have forfeited the position he claimed as one of the Twelve Gods？ （20） Lit。 ‘thorn…plucker'。 （21） Hermes is ambitious （l。 175）； but if he is cast into Hades he will have to be content with the leadership of mere babies like himself； since those in Hades retain the state of growth whether childhood or manhood in which they are at the moment of leaving the upper world。 （22） Literally； ‘you have made him sit on the floor'； i。e。 ‘you have stolen everything down to his last chair。' （23） The Thriae； who practised divination by means of pebbles （also called THRIAE）。 In this hymn they are represented as aged maidens （ll。 553…4）； but are closely associated with bees （ll。 559…563） and possibly are here conceived as having human heads and breasts with the bodies and wings of bees。 See the edition of Allen and Sikes； Appendix III。 （24） Cronos swallowed each of his children the moment that they were born； but ultimately was forced to disgorge them。 Hestia； being the first to be swallowed； was the last to be disgorged； and so was at once the first and latest born of the children of Cronos。 Cp。 Hesiod 〃Theogony〃； ll。 495…7。 （25） Mr。 Evelyn…White prefers a different order for lines #87…90 than that preserved in the MSS。 This translation is based upon the following sequence： ll。 89；90；87；88。 DBK。 （26） ‘Cattle…earning'； because an accepted suitor paid for his bride in cattle。 （27） The name Aeneas is here connected with the epithet AIEOS （awful）： similarly the name Odysseus is derived （in 〃Odyssey〃 i。62） from ODYSSMAI （I grieve）。 （28） Aphrodite extenuates her disgrace by claiming that the race of Anchises is almost divine； as is shown in the persons of Ganymedes and Tithonus。 （29） So Christ connecting the word with OMOS。 L。 and S。 give = OMOIOS； ‘common to all'。 （30） Probably not Etruscans； but the non…Hellenic peoples of Thrace and （according to Thucydides） of Lemnos and Athens。 Cp。 Herodotus i。 57； Thucydides iv。 109。 （31） This line appears to be an alternative to ll。 10…11。 （32） The name Pan is here derived from PANTES； ‘all'。 Cp。 Hesiod； 〃Works and Days〃 ll。 80…82； 〃Hymn to Aphrodite〃 （v） l。 198。 for the significance of personal names。 （33） Mr。 Evelyn…White prefers to switch l。 10 and 11； reading 11 first then 10。 DBK。 （34） An extra line is inserted in some MSS。 after l。 15。 DBK。 （35） The epithet is a usual one for birds； cp。 Hesiod； 〃Works and Days〃； l。 210； as applied to Selene it may merely indicate her passage； like a bird； through the air； or mean ‘far flying'。
HOMER'S EPIGRAMS （1）
I。 （5 lines） （ll。 1…5） Have reverence for him who needs a home and stranger's dole； all ye who dwell in the high city of Cyme； the lovely maiden； hard by the foothills of lofty Sardene； ye who drink the heavenly water of the divine stream； eddying Hermus； whom deathless Zeus begot。
II。 （2 lines） （ll。 1…2） Speedily may my feet bear me to some town of righteous men； for their hearts are generous and their wit is best。
III。 （6 lines） （ll。 1…6） I am a maiden of bronze and am set upon the tomb of Midas。 While the waters flow and tall trees flourish； and the sun rises and shines and the bright moon also； while rivers run and the sea breaks on the shore； ever remaining on this mournful tomb； I tell the passer…by that Midas here lies buried。
IV。 （17 lines） （ll。 1…17） To what a fate did Zeus the Father give me a prey even while he made me to grow； a babe at my mother's knee！ By the will of Zeus who holds the aegis the people of Phricon； riders on wanton horses； more active than raging fire in the test of war； once built the towers of Aeolian Smyrna； wave…shaken neighbour to the sea； through which glides the pleasant stream of sacred Meles； thence （2） arose the daughters of Zeus； glorious children； and would fain have made famous that fair country and the city of its people。 But in their folly those men scorned the divine voice and renown of song； and in trouble shall one of them remember this hereafter he who with scornful words to them （3） contrived my fate。 Yet I will endure the lot which heaven gave me even at my birth； bearing my disappointment with a patient heart。 My dear limbs yearn not to stay in the sacred streets of Cyme； but rather my great heart urges me to go unto another country； small though I am。
V。 （2 lines） （ll。 1…2） Thestorides； full many things there are that mortals cannot sound； but there is nothing more unfathomable than the heart of man。
VI。 （8 lines） （ll。 1…8） Hear me； Poseidon； strong shaker of the earth； ruler of wide…spread； tawny Helicon！ Give a fair wind and sight of safe return to the shipmen who speed and govern this ship。 And grant that when I come to the nether slopes of towering Mimas I may find honourable； god…fearing men。 Also may I avenge me on the wretch who deceived me and grieved Zeus the lord of guests and his own guest…table。
VII。 （3 lines） （ll。 1…3） Queen Earth； all bounteous giver of honey…hearted wealth； how kindly； it seems； you are to some； and how intractable and rough for those with whom you are angry。
VIII。 （4 lines） （ll。 1…4） Sailors； who rove the seas and whom a hateful fate has made as the shy sea…fowl； living an unenviable life； observe the reverence due to Zeus who rules on high； the god of strangers； for terrible is the vengeance of this god afterwards for whosoever has sinned。
IX。 （2 lines） （ll。 1…2） Strangers； a contrary wind has caught you： but even now take me aboard and you shall make your voyage。
X。 （4 lines） （ll。 1…4） Another sort of pine shall bear a better fruit （4） than you upon the heights of furrowed； windy Ida。 For there shall mortal men get the iron that Ares loves so soon as the Cebrenians shall hold the land。
XI。 （4 lines） （ll。 1…4） Glaucus； watchman of flocks； a word will I put in your heart。 First give the dogs their dinner at the courtyard gate； for this is well。 The dog first hears a man approaching and the wild…beast coming to the fence。
XII。 （4 lines） （ll。 1…4） Goddess…nurse of the young （5）； give ear to my prayer； and grant that this wo
