the heroes-第2节
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Now; you must not think of them in this book as learned men; living in great cities; such as they were afterwards; when they wrought all their beautiful works; but as country people; living in farms and walled villages; in a simple; hard…working way; so that the greatest kings and heroes cooked their own meals; and thought it no shame; and made their own ships and weapons; and fed and harnessed their own horses; and the queens worked with their maid…servants; and did all the business of the house; and spun; and wove; and embroidered; and made their husbands' clothes and their own。 So that a man was honoured among them; not because he happened to be rich; but according to his skill; and his strength; and courage; and the number of things which he could do。 For they were but grown…up children; though they were right noble children too; and it was with them as it is now at school … the strongest and cleverest boy; though he be poor; leads all the rest。
Now; while they were young and simple they loved fairy tales; as you do now。 All nations do so when they are young: our old forefathers did; and called their stories 'Sagas。' I will read you some of them some day … some of the Eddas; and the Volusp? and Beowulf; and the noble old Romances。 The old Arabs; again; had their tales; which we now call the 'Arabian Nights。' The old Romans had theirs; and they called them 'Fabulae;' from which our word 'fable' comes; but the old Hellens called theirs 'Muthoi;' from which our new word 'myth' is taken。 But next to those old Romances; which were written in the Christian middle age; there are no fairy tales like these old Greek ones; for beauty; and wisdom; and truth; and for making children love noble deeds; and trust in God to help them through。
Now; why have I called this book 'The Heroes'? Because that was the name which the Hellens gave to men who were brave and skilful; and dare do more than other men。 At first; I think; that was all it meant: but after a time it came to mean something more; it came to mean men who helped their country; men in those old times; when the country was half…wild; who killed fierce beasts and evil men; and drained swamps; and founded towns; and therefore after they were dead; were honoured; because they had left their country better than they found it。 And we call such a man a hero in English to this day; and call it a 'heroic' thing to suffer pain and grief; that we may do good to our fellow…men。 We may all do that; my children; boys and girls alike; and we ought to do it; for it is easier now than ever; and safer; and the path more clear。 But you shall hear how the Hellens said their heroes worked; three thousand years ago。 The stories are not all true; of course; nor half of them; you are not simple enough to fancy that; but the meaning of them is true; and true for ever; and that is … Do right; and God will help you。'
FARLEY COURT;
ADVENT; 1855。
STORY I。 … PERSEUS
PART I … HOW PERSEUS AND HIS MOTHER CAME TO SERIPHOS
ONCE upon a time there were two princes who were twins。 Their names were Acrisius and Proetus; and they lived in the pleasant vale of Argos; far away in Hellas。 They had fruitful meadows and vineyards; sheep and oxen; great herds of horses feeding down in Lerna Fen; and all that men could need to make them blest: and yet they were wretched; because they were jealous of each other。 From the moment they were born they began to quarrel; and when they grew up each tried to take away the other's share of the kingdom; and keep all for himself。 So first Acrisius drove out Proetus; and he went across the seas; and brought home a foreign princess for his wife; and foreign warriors to help him; who were called Cyclopes; and drove out Acrisius in his turn; and then they fought a long while up and down the land; till the quarrel was settled; and Acrisius took Argos and one half the land; and Proetus took Tiryns and the other half。 And Proetus and his Cyclopes built around Tiryns great walls of unhewn stone; which are standing to this day。
But there came a prophet to that hard…hearted Acrisius and prophesied against him; and said; 'Because you have risen up against your own blood; your own blood shall rise up against you; because you have sinned against your kindred; by your kindred you shall be punished。 Your daughter Danae shall bear a son; and by that son's hands you shall die。 So the Gods have ordained; and it will surely come to pass。'
And at that Acrisius was very much afraid; but he did not mend his ways。 He had been cruel to his own family; and; instead of repenting and being kind to them; he went on to be more cruel than ever: for he shut up his fair daughter Danae in a cavern underground; lined with brass; that no one might come near her。 So he fancied himself more cunning than the Gods: but you will see presently whether he was able to escape them。
Now it came to pass that in time Danae bore a son; so beautiful a babe that any but King Acrisius would have had pity on it。 But he had no pity; for he took Danae and her babe down to the seashore; and put them into a great chest and thrust them out to sea; for the winds and the waves to carry them whithersoever they would。
The north…west wind blew freshly out of the blue mountains; and down the pleasant vale of Argos; and away and out to sea。 And away and out to sea before it floated the mother and her babe; while all who watched them wept; save that cruel father; King Acrisius。
So they floated on and on; and the chest danced up and down upon the billows; and the baby slept upon its mother's breast: but the poor mother could not sleep; but watched and wept; and she sang to her baby as they floated; and the song which she sang you shall learn yourselves some day。
And now they are past the last blue headland; and in the open sea; and there is nothing round them but the waves; and the sky; and the wind。 But the waves are gentle; and the sky is clear; and the breeze is tender and low; for these are the days when Halcyone and Ceyx build their nests; and no storms ever ruffle the pleasant summer sea。
And who were Halcyone and Ceyx? You shall hear while the chest floats on。 Halcyone was a fairy maiden; the daughter of the beach and of the wind。 And she loved a sailor…boy; and married him; and none on earth were so happy as they。 But at last Ceyx was wrecked; and before he could swim to the shore the billows swallowed him up。 And Halcyone saw him drowning; and leapt into the sea to him; but in vain。 Then the Immortals took pity on them both; and changed them into two fair sea…birds; and now they build a floating nest every year; and sail up and down happily for ever upon the pleasant seas of Greece。
So a night passed; and a day; and a long day it was for Danae; and another night and day beside; till Danae was faint with hunger and weeping; and yet no land appeared。 And all the while the babe slept quietly; and at last poor Danae drooped her head and fell asleep likewise with her cheek against the babe's。
After a while she was awakened suddenly; for the chest was jarring and grinding; and the air was full of sound。 She looked up; and over her head were mighty cliffs; all red in the setting sun; and around her rocks and breakers; and flying flakes of foam。 She clasped her hands together; and shrieked aloud for help。 And when she cried; help met her: for now there came over the rocks a tall and stately man; and looked down wondering upon poor Danae tossing about in the chest among the waves。
He wore a rough cloak of frieze; and on his head a broad hat to shade his face; in his hand he carried a trident for spearing fish; and over his shoulder was a casting…net; but Danae could see that he was no common man by his stature; and his walk; and his flowing golden hair and beard; and by the two servants who came behind him; carrying baskets for his fish。 But she had hardly time to look at him; before he had laid aside his trident and leapt down the rocks; and thrown his casting…net so surely over Danae and the chest; that he drew it; and her; and the baby; safe upon a ledge of rock。
Then the fisherman took Danae by the hand; and lifted her out of the chest; and said …
'O beautiful damsel; what strange chance has brought you to this island in so flail a ship? Who are you; and whence? Surely you are some king's daughter; and this boy has somewhat more than mortal。'
And as he spoke he pointed to the babe; for its face shone like the morning star。
But Danae only held down her head; and sobbed out …
'Tell me to what land I have come; unhappy that I am; and among what men I have fallen!'
And he said; 'This isle is called Seriphos; and I am a Hellen; and dwell in it。 I am the brother of Polydectes the king; and men call me Dictys the netter; because I catch the fish of the shore。'
Then Danae fell down at his feet; and embraced his knees; and cried …
'Oh; sir; have pity upon a stranger; whom a cruel doom has driven to your land; and let me live in your house as a servant; but treat me honourably; for I was once a king