history of friedrich ii of prussia v 18-第73节
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That was the scheme fallen upon； now getting executed while Friedrich is at Zorndorf well away。 And that； if readers fix it intelligently in their memory； will suffice to introduce to them the few words more that can be allowed us here upon it。 A very few words； compressed to the utmost；merely as preface to Hochkirch； whither we must hasten； Hochkirch being the one incident which； except to studious soldiers； has now and here any interest； out of the very many incidents which； then and there； were so intensely interesting to all mankind。 To readers who are curious； and will take with them any poorest authentic Outline of the Localities concerned； the following condensed Note will not be unintelligible。
DAUN AND THE REICHS ARMY INVADE SAXONY； IN FRIEDRICH'S ABSENCE。
〃Daun； pushing out with his best speed； along the Bohemian…Silesian border； had got to Zittau AUGUST 17th； which poor City is to be his basis and storehouse； the greatest activity and wagoning now visible there；〃among the burnt walls getting rebuilt。 And in the same days； Zweibruck and his Reichs Army are vigorously afoot； Zweibruck pushing across the Metal Mountains； the fastest he can； intending to plant himself in Pirna Country。 Not to mention General Dombale； Zweibruck's Austrian Second； who has the Austrian 15；000 with him； and； by way of preface； has emerged to westward； in Zwickau…Tschopau Country； calculating that Prince Henri will not be able to attend to him just now。 And in effect Prince Henri； intent upon Zweibruck and the Pirna Country； takes position in the old Prussian ground there （'head…quarter Gross Seidlitz；' as in 1756）； and can only leave a Detachment in Tschopau Country to wait upon Dombale； who does at least shoot out Croat parties； 'quite across Saxony； to Halle all the way；' and entertain the Gazetteers； if he can do little real mischief。
〃AUGUST 19th； from Zittau； Daun； after short pause； again pushes forward；nothing but Ziethen attending him in the distance； till we see whitherward；Margraf Karl waiting impatient； at Grussau； till Ziethen see。 ＇Tempelhof； ii。 258； 260 et seq。＇ Daun； soon after Zittau； shoots out Loudon； Brandenburg way； as if magnanimously intending 'co…operation with the Russians；' which would give Daun pleasure； could it be done without cost。 Loudon does despatch a 500 hussars to Frankfurt ＇Friedrich now gone for Custrin＇； who； I think； carry a Letter for Fermor there； but lose it by the way；〃for the benefit of readers； if they will wait。 〃Loudon captures a poor little place in Brandenburg itself； bullies it into surrender； after a day （the very day of Zorndorf Battle； 'August 25th'）：place called Peitz； garrisoned by forty… five invalids； who go on 'free withdrawal；' poor old souls； and leave their exiguous stock of salt…victual and military furnitures to Loudon。 ＇In Helden…Geschichte； v。 229…232； the 〃Capitulation〃 IN EXTENSO。＇ Upon which Loudon whirls back out of those Countries； finding his skirts trodden on by Ziethen；who now sees what Daun and he are at； and warns Margraf Karl ＇properly Keith； who has now joined again； as real president or chief＇ That HITHER is the way。 Margraf Karl； on the slip for some time past； starts from Grussau instantly （I should guess； not above 25；000 of all arms）； leaving Fouquet with perhaps 10；000 to do his utmost； when Generals Harsch and Deville with their 20 or 30；000 come upon Silesia and him；as indeed they are already doing； already blockading Neisse； more or less； with an eye to besieging it so soon as possible。
〃Meanwhile； Serene Highness of Zweibruck； the Reichsfolk and some Austrians with him； prefaced by Dombale more to westward； is wending into Pirna Country； and； in spite of what Prince Henri can do （Mayor and the Free Corps shining diligent； and Henri one of the watchfulest of men）； Zweibruck does get in； sets Maguire with Austrians upon besieging Pirna； that is to say； the Sonnenstein of Pirna； 3d…5th SEPTEMBER； gets the Sonnenstein； a thought sooner than was counted on； ＇In Helden…Geschichte； v。 223…228； account of this poor Siege； and of the movements before and after。＇ and roots himself there；'head…quarters in Struppen' again； 'bridge at Ober…Raden' again； all as in 1756； which； if nothing else can well do it； may give his Highness a momentary interest with some readers here。 Prince Henri is at Gross Seidlitz； alive every fibre of him： but with Daun circling round to northward on his left； intending evidently to take him in flank or rear； with Dombale already to rear； in the above circumstances； on his right； and Zweibruck himself lying here in front free to act； and impregnable if acted upon： what is Prince Henri to do？ It is for Henri's rear； not his flank； that Daun aims： AUGUST 26th； Daun； who had got to Gorlitz； a march or two from Zittau； started again at his best step by the Bautzen Highway towards Meissen Bridge； a 70 or 80 miles down the Elbe： there Daun intends to cross； and to double back upon Dresden and Prince Henri； who will thus find himself enclosed between THREE fires；if two were not enough； or even if one （the Daun one itself； or the Zweibruck itself； not to count the Dombale）； in such strength as Prince Henri has！
〃A lost Prince Henri；if there be not shift in him； if there be not help coming to him！ Prince Henri； seeing how it was； drew back from Gross Seidlitz； with beautiful suddenness； one night； unmolested： in the morning； Zweibruch's hussars find him posted ^ （sic） ？k
inexpugnable on the Heights of Gahmig；which is nearer Dresden a good step； nearer Dombale； and not so ready to be enclosed by Daun； without enclosure of Dresden too。 Prince Henri's manoeuvring； in this difficult situation； is the admiration of military men： how he stuck by Gahmig； but threw out； in the vital points； little camps； 'camp of Kesselsdorf' （a place memorable）； on the west of Dresden； and on the east； in the north suburb of Dresden itself across the River （should we have to go across the River for Daun's sake）； a 'strong abatis；' and neglected nothing； self and everybody under him； lively as eagles to make themselves dangerous； Mayer in particular distinguishing himself much。 Prince Henri would have been a hard morsel for Daun。 But beyond that； there is help on the road。〃
FRIEDRICH INTERVENING； DAUN DRAWS BACK； INTRENCHES HIMSELF IN NEIGHBORHOOD TO DRESDEN AND PIRNA； FRIEDRICH FOLLOWING HIM。 FOUR ARMIES STANDING THERE； IN DEAD…LOCK； FOR A MONTH； WITH ISSUE； A FLANK…MARCH ON THE PART OF FRIEDRICH'S ARMY； WHICH HALTS AT HOCHKIRCH （September 12th…October 10th； 1758）。
Daun； since August 26th； is striding towards Meissen Bridge； without rest； day after day； at the very top of his speed；which I find is 〃nine miles a day；〃 ＇Tempelhof； ii。 261。＇ Bos being heavy of foot； at his best。 September 1st； Daun has got within ten miles of Meissen Bridge； whenHere is news； my friends； King of Prussia has beaten our poor Russians； will soon be in full march this way！ King of Prussia and Margraf Karl both bending hitherward； at the rate； say； of 〃nineteen miles a day；〃 instead of nine：Meissen Bridge is not the thing we shall want！ Daun instantly calls halt； at this news； waits； intrenches； and； in a day or two； finding the news true； hurries to rearward all he can。 From the Russian side too； Daun has heard of Zorndorf； and the grand 〃Victory〃 of Fermor there； but knows well； by this sudden re…emergence of the Anti… Fermor； what kind of Victory it is。
Was it here while waiting about Meissen； or where was it； that Daun got his Letter to Fermor answered in that singular way？ The Letter of two weeks ago；carried by Loudon's Hussars； or by whomsoever； for certain； it was retorted or returned upon Daun； not as if from the Dead…Letter Office； but with an Answer he little expected！ Here is what record I have； very vague for a well…known little fact of sparkling nature：
〃A curious Letter fell into Friedrich's hands ＇Bearer； I always guess； the Loudon Hussar…Captain with his 500； pretending to form junction with Fermor＇； Prussian Hussars picking it up somewhere； date； place； circumstances； blurred into oblivion in those poor Books； Letter itself indisputable enough； and Answer following on it； Letter and Answer substantially to this effect：
〃DAUN TO FERMOR ＇Probably from Zittau； by Loudon's Hussars＇。
〃Your Excellenz does not know that wily Enemy as I do。 By no means get into battle with such a one。 Cautiously manoeuvre about； detain him there； till I have got my stroke in Saxony done： don't try fighting him。 DAUN。〃
〃ANSWER AS FROM FERMOR （Zorndorf once done； Daun by the first opportunity got his Answer； duly signed 'Fermor；' but evidently in a certain King's handwriting）：
〃Your Excellenz was in the right to warn me against a cunning Enemy； whom you knew better than I。 Here have I tried fighting him； and got beaten。 Your unfortunate 〃FERMOR。〃 ＇Muller； Kurzgefasste Beschreibung der drei Schlesischen Kriege （Berlin； 1755）； in whom； alone of all the reporters； is the story given in an intelligible form。 This Muller's Book is a meritoriously brief Summary； incorrect in no essential particular； and with all the Battle…Plans on one copperplate： LIEUTE
